Triple
T1325905
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Daniel Kleppner |
E28325
|
entity |
| Predicate | coAuthor |
P398
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Norman Ramsey |
E73545
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Norman Ramsey | Statement: [Daniel Kleppner, coAuthor, Norman Ramsey]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Norman Ramsey Context triple: [Daniel Kleppner, coAuthor, Norman Ramsey]
-
A.
Norman Ramsey
chosen
Norman Ramsey was an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for developing the separated oscillatory field method, which enabled highly precise atomic clocks and advanced nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
-
B.
Roy Glauber
Roy Glauber was an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in quantum optics and the quantum theory of optical coherence.
-
C.
I. I. Rabi
I. I. Rabi was a Nobel Prize–winning American physicist renowned for his pioneering work in nuclear magnetic resonance and contributions to quantum physics.
-
D.
Charles Hard Townes
Charles Hard Townes was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his pioneering work in quantum electronics that led to the development of the maser and laser.
-
E.
Edward M. Purcell
Edward M. Purcell was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which laid the foundation for technologies such as MRI.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a498540a2481909e807a762280d3ba |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:49 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4c19fd2648190932a85eacb3e7ec4 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 10:45 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69acce641c6481908a3d2b9e9fc423d7 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 1:18 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:55 p.m.