Triple

T13205153
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject First Law of Thermodynamics E314339 entity
Predicate historicalDevelopmentInvolves P1451 FINISHED
Object Rudolf Clausius E62506 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rudolf Clausius | Statement: [First Law of Thermodynamics, historicalDevelopmentInvolves, Rudolf Clausius]

Disambiguation candidates (1 decision)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rudolf Clausius
Context triple: [First Law of Thermodynamics, historicalDevelopmentInvolves, Rudolf Clausius]
  • A. Rudolf Clausius chosen
    Rudolf Clausius was a 19th-century German physicist and mathematician who was a founding figure of thermodynamics, best known for formulating the second law and introducing the concept of entropy.
  • B. Julius Robert von Mayer
    Julius Robert von Mayer was a 19th-century German physician and physicist who was one of the first to formulate the principle of conservation of energy.
  • C. Ludwig Boltzmann
    Ludwig Boltzmann was an Austrian physicist and one of the founders of statistical mechanics, whose work established the statistical nature of thermodynamics and the microscopic interpretation of entropy.
  • D. Walther Nernst
    Walther Nernst was a German physical chemist and Nobel laureate renowned for formulating the Nernst equation and contributing fundamentally to thermodynamics and electrochemistry.
  • E. Émile Clapeyron
    Émile Clapeyron was a 19th-century French engineer and physicist best known for formulating the Clapeyron equation, a fundamental relation in thermodynamics.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69d806aee7308190b70a237ba2a6e3e1 elicitation completed
NER batch_69d98f71c5388190a6e122e14384efd7 ner completed
NED1 batch_69f6ff1a3d68819089ad35f8f9ff5c5a ned_source_triple completed
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:17 p.m.