Triple

T13205152
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject First Law of Thermodynamics E314339 entity
Predicate historicalDevelopmentInvolves P1451 FINISHED
Object Hermann von Helmholtz E16771 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hermann von Helmholtz | Statement: [First Law of Thermodynamics, historicalDevelopmentInvolves, Hermann von Helmholtz]

Disambiguation candidates (1 decision)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Hermann von Helmholtz
Context triple: [First Law of Thermodynamics, historicalDevelopmentInvolves, Hermann von Helmholtz]
  • A. Hermann von Helmholtz chosen
    Hermann von Helmholtz was a 19th-century German physician and physicist renowned for his foundational contributions to physiology, optics, acoustics, and the conservation of energy.
  • B. Emil du Bois-Reymond
    Emil du Bois-Reymond was a 19th-century German physiologist renowned for his pioneering work on bioelectricity and the physiology of the nervous system.
  • C. Paul du Bois-Reymond
    Paul du Bois-Reymond was a German mathematician known for his work in real analysis, particularly on the theory of functions and orders of infinity.
  • D. Ernst Mach
    Ernst Mach was an Austrian physicist and philosopher whose empiricist ideas about science and perception significantly shaped the development of logical positivism and modern philosophy of science.
  • E. Johannes Müller
    Johannes Müller was a pioneering 19th-century German physiologist whose work helped establish modern experimental physiology and deeply influenced a generation of scientists.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69d806aee7308190b70a237ba2a6e3e1 elicitation completed
NER batch_69d98f71c5388190a6e122e14384efd7 ner completed
NED1 batch_69f6f60eee288190bdb3ed6110394e48 ned_source_triple completed
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:17 p.m.