Triple

T13166227
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Vampire automated theorem prover E312855 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object SPASS automated theorem prover
SPASS automated theorem prover is a first-order logic theorem proving system known for its use of superposition calculus and its application in automated reasoning and formal verification.
E1023684 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: SPASS automated theorem prover | Statement: [Vampire automated theorem prover, relatedTo, SPASS automated theorem prover]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: SPASS automated theorem prover
Context triple: [Vampire automated theorem prover, relatedTo, SPASS automated theorem prover]
  • A. Vampire automated theorem prover
    Vampire automated theorem prover is a high-performance first-order logic reasoning system widely used in automated deduction and formal verification research.
  • B. First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving
    "First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving" is a foundational textbook that systematically introduces first-order logic while presenting key methods and algorithms used in automated theorem proving.
  • C. Handbook of Automated Reasoning
    The "Handbook of Automated Reasoning" is a comprehensive reference work that surveys the theories, methods, and tools used in the field of automated theorem proving and formal reasoning in computer science and logic.
  • D. "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures"
    "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures" is Stephen Cook’s landmark 1971 paper that introduced the concept of NP-completeness and proved the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to be NP-complete, laying the foundation for modern computational complexity theory.
  • E. Boyer–Moore theorem prover
    The Boyer–Moore theorem prover is an influential automated reasoning system for first-order logic and recursive function theory, notable for pioneering techniques in mechanical proof and program verification.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: SPASS automated theorem prover
Triple: [Vampire automated theorem prover, relatedTo, SPASS automated theorem prover]
Generated description
SPASS automated theorem prover is a first-order logic theorem proving system known for its use of superposition calculus and its application in automated reasoning and formal verification.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: SPASS automated theorem prover
Target entity description: SPASS automated theorem prover is a first-order logic theorem proving system known for its use of superposition calculus and its application in automated reasoning and formal verification.
  • A. Vampire automated theorem prover
    Vampire automated theorem prover is a high-performance first-order logic reasoning system widely used in automated deduction and formal verification research.
  • B. First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving
    "First-Order Logic and Automated Theorem Proving" is a foundational textbook that systematically introduces first-order logic while presenting key methods and algorithms used in automated theorem proving.
  • C. Handbook of Automated Reasoning
    The "Handbook of Automated Reasoning" is a comprehensive reference work that surveys the theories, methods, and tools used in the field of automated theorem proving and formal reasoning in computer science and logic.
  • D. "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures"
    "The Complexity of Theorem-Proving Procedures" is Stephen Cook’s landmark 1971 paper that introduced the concept of NP-completeness and proved the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to be NP-complete, laying the foundation for modern computational complexity theory.
  • E. Boyer–Moore theorem prover
    The Boyer–Moore theorem prover is an influential automated reasoning system for first-order logic and recursive function theory, notable for pioneering techniques in mechanical proof and program verification.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d806ac3ee081909b2fd27d060aa974 completed April 9, 2026, 8:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d98c2c317881908cc715c97d915f77 completed April 10, 2026, 11:47 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f6eaf6c9ec8190bc0097d62e57e52a completed May 3, 2026, 6:28 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f6ee07aa988190ad8bb3bc3ecf7890 completed May 3, 2026, 6:41 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f6eef335b481908dbe6fb93c9d56f2 completed May 3, 2026, 6:45 a.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:13 p.m.