Triple

T13152732
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Second Arab siege of Constantinople (717–718) E312505 entity
Predicate UmayyadCaliphDuringConflict P28608 FINISHED
Object Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik E322898 NE FINISHED

Disambiguation candidates (2 decisions)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
Context triple: [Second Arab siege of Constantinople (717–718), UmayyadCaliphDuringConflict, Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik]
  • A. Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik chosen
    Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad caliph who ruled the Islamic empire from 715 to 717 CE, noted for continuing military campaigns and overseeing the early stages of the conquest of Transoxiana.
  • B. Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
    Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 724 to 743 CE, noted for administrative reforms, military campaigns, and overseeing a period of both consolidation and emerging decline in the Umayyad Caliphate.
  • C. Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Malik
    Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad prince and governor, known as a son of the caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan who held several important administrative posts in the early Islamic empire.
  • D. Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
    Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was an Umayyad caliph (r. 685–705) known for consolidating the Islamic empire, instituting Arabic as the administrative language, and initiating major architectural projects such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.
  • E. Al-Walid I
    Al-Walid I was an Umayyad caliph (r. 705–715) known for major expansions of the Islamic empire and for sponsoring monumental architectural projects, including significant works at the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Great Mosque of Damascus.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target predicate: UmayyadCaliphDuringConflict
Context triple: [Second Arab siege of Constantinople (717–718), UmayyadCaliphDuringConflict, Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik]
  • A. associatedCaliph
    Indicates a relationship where an entity is linked or connected to a specific caliph, typically through rule, patronage, affiliation, or historical association.
  • B. livedDuringCaliphateOf chosen
    Indicates that one entity’s lifetime overlapped with the period during which the other entity held the position of caliph.
  • C. sultanDuringConflict
    Indicates that an individual holds the position or role of sultan during a specific conflict or period of armed struggle.
  • D. servedCaliph
    Indicates that one entity acted in service to, or under the authority of, a caliph.
  • E. caliphatePeriod
    Indicates the time span during which a caliphate held authority or was in effect.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (4 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69d806aabde48190899e13e41659cae5 elicitation completed
NER batch_69d98cf054f88190b05ced98d5a22a62 ner completed
NED1 batch_69f6eaeca00c8190aa5645d1084c7d60 ned_source_triple completed
PD batch_69d98bbd1d088190b7c69f37fc6eeb64 pd completed
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:11 p.m.