Triple
T13070791
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Paul Lévy |
E329449
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Lévy–Itô decomposition
The Lévy–Itô decomposition is a fundamental result in probability theory that expresses any Lévy process as the sum of a Brownian motion with drift and a jump process constructed from a Poisson random measure.
|
E1020435
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lévy–Itô decomposition | Statement: [Paul Lévy, knownFor, Lévy–Itô decomposition]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lévy–Itô decomposition Context triple: [Paul Lévy, knownFor, Lévy–Itô decomposition]
-
A.
Doob–Meyer decomposition
The Doob–Meyer decomposition is a fundamental result in stochastic process theory that uniquely expresses a submartingale as the sum of a martingale and a predictable, increasing process.
-
B.
Itô processes
Itô processes are a class of stochastic processes, typically modeled as solutions to stochastic differential equations, that form the fundamental objects of study in Itô calculus and modern stochastic analysis.
-
C.
Lévy alpha-stable distribution
The Lévy alpha-stable distribution is a family of heavy-tailed probability distributions characterized by a stability parameter α, generalizing the normal and Cauchy distributions and often used to model impulsive or anomalous random phenomena.
-
D.
Clark–Ocone formula
The Clark–Ocone formula is a key result in stochastic calculus and Malliavin calculus that provides an explicit integral representation of square-integrable random variables with respect to Brownian motion.
-
E.
Khinchin–Pollaczek formula
The Khinchin–Pollaczek formula is a result in probability theory and queueing theory that provides an explicit expression for the stationary waiting-time distribution in certain single-server queues.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lévy–Itô decomposition Triple: [Paul Lévy, knownFor, Lévy–Itô decomposition]
Generated description
The Lévy–Itô decomposition is a fundamental result in probability theory that expresses any Lévy process as the sum of a Brownian motion with drift and a jump process constructed from a Poisson random measure.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lévy–Itô decomposition Target entity description: The Lévy–Itô decomposition is a fundamental result in probability theory that expresses any Lévy process as the sum of a Brownian motion with drift and a jump process constructed from a Poisson random measure.
-
A.
Doob–Meyer decomposition
The Doob–Meyer decomposition is a fundamental result in stochastic process theory that uniquely expresses a submartingale as the sum of a martingale and a predictable, increasing process.
-
B.
Itô processes
Itô processes are a class of stochastic processes, typically modeled as solutions to stochastic differential equations, that form the fundamental objects of study in Itô calculus and modern stochastic analysis.
-
C.
Lévy alpha-stable distribution
The Lévy alpha-stable distribution is a family of heavy-tailed probability distributions characterized by a stability parameter α, generalizing the normal and Cauchy distributions and often used to model impulsive or anomalous random phenomena.
-
D.
Clark–Ocone formula
The Clark–Ocone formula is a key result in stochastic calculus and Malliavin calculus that provides an explicit integral representation of square-integrable random variables with respect to Brownian motion.
-
E.
Khinchin–Pollaczek formula
The Khinchin–Pollaczek formula is a result in probability theory and queueing theory that provides an explicit expression for the stationary waiting-time distribution in certain single-server queues.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d80771749c81909a6d9197b9504872 |
completed | April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d980ee6130819095d835e7ff6a8c5b |
completed | April 10, 2026, 10:59 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69f6d60510dc81909e0cba8b63a50d9c |
completed | May 3, 2026, 4:58 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69f6dbb4b8848190825102be81ff693a |
completed | May 3, 2026, 5:23 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69f6dc705f28819087e5d374f83d3acc |
completed | May 3, 2026, 5:26 a.m. |
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9 p.m.