Triple
T13038030
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Tom Güldemann |
E326613
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasResearched |
P108399
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Southern African linguistic area
The Southern African linguistic area is a region characterized by extensive language contact and shared structural features among diverse language families spoken in southern Africa.
|
E1018687
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (5 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Southern African linguistic area | Statement: [Tom Güldemann, hasResearched, Southern African linguistic area]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Southern African linguistic area Context triple: [Tom Güldemann, hasResearched, Southern African linguistic area]
-
A.
Central African linguistic area
The Central African linguistic area is a region where diverse languages, including the Ubangian family, share convergent structural and phonological features due to long-term contact and diffusion.
-
B.
Southern Bantu languages
Southern Bantu languages are a major branch of the Bantu language family spoken primarily in southern Africa, including well-known languages such as Zulu, Xhosa, and Shona.
-
C.
Bantu zone C
Bantu zone C is a group of closely related Bantu languages within the Niger-Congo family, defined as one of the geographic-linguistic clusters in Malcolm Guthrie’s classification system.
-
D.
Western Bantu languages
Western Bantu languages are a major geographic and linguistic subgroup of the Bantu family spoken primarily in western Central Africa, including parts of countries such as Angola, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo.
-
E.
Bantu zone E
Bantu zone E is a subgroup of Bantu languages in the Guthrie classification system, comprising closely related languages spoken primarily in parts of East and Central Africa.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Southern African linguistic area Triple: [Tom Güldemann, hasResearched, Southern African linguistic area]
Generated description
The Southern African linguistic area is a region characterized by extensive language contact and shared structural features among diverse language families spoken in southern Africa.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Southern African linguistic area Target entity description: The Southern African linguistic area is a region characterized by extensive language contact and shared structural features among diverse language families spoken in southern Africa.
-
A.
Central African linguistic area
The Central African linguistic area is a region where diverse languages, including the Ubangian family, share convergent structural and phonological features due to long-term contact and diffusion.
-
B.
Southern Bantu languages
Southern Bantu languages are a major branch of the Bantu language family spoken primarily in southern Africa, including well-known languages such as Zulu, Xhosa, and Shona.
-
C.
Bantu zone C
Bantu zone C is a group of closely related Bantu languages within the Niger-Congo family, defined as one of the geographic-linguistic clusters in Malcolm Guthrie’s classification system.
-
D.
Western Bantu languages
Western Bantu languages are a major geographic and linguistic subgroup of the Bantu family spoken primarily in western Central Africa, including parts of countries such as Angola, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo.
-
E.
Bantu zone E
Bantu zone E is a subgroup of Bantu languages in the Guthrie classification system, comprising closely related languages spoken primarily in parts of East and Central Africa.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: hasResearched Context triple: [Tom Güldemann, hasResearched, Southern African linguistic area]
-
A.
hasResearchStatus
Indicates that an entity holds a particular stage or condition within a research process, such as planned, in progress, completed, or published.
-
B.
hasResearchFunction
Indicates that an entity possesses a role, capacity, or function specifically related to conducting or supporting research activities.
-
C.
hasResearchGoal
Indicates that an entity has a specific research objective, aim, or target it is pursuing or designed to address.
-
D.
hasResearcher
Indicates that an entity is associated with or linked to a specific researcher responsible for work, study, or investigation related to it.
-
E.
hasResearchFinding
Indicates that an entity has produced, contains, or is associated with a specific research finding or result.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (7 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8076cc45c81908123123f43e69266 |
completed | April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d98a9829b48190b23624b6b3df4600 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 11:41 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69f6cbd12eec81908ad5dae638c2210e |
completed | May 3, 2026, 4:15 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69f6cdc285788190a05a51295306f087 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 4:23 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69f6ceafcca88190bcd65be3c4440987 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 4:27 a.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69d9803aca4c8190b1015cd159cc47a9 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 10:56 p.m. |
| PDg | Predicate description generation | batch_69d98a9577d081908ddef9ea77e408e2 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 11:41 p.m. |
Created at: April 9, 2026, 8:55 p.m.