Triple

T12797753
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Scott Aaronson E305932 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations
"The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations" is a highly cited research paper by Scott Aaronson that investigates the computational complexity and limitations of describing, preparing, and manipulating quantum states and operations.
E1002080 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations | Statement: [Scott Aaronson, notableWork, The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations
Context triple: [Scott Aaronson, notableWork, The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations]
  • A. Flavors of Entanglement
    Flavors of Entanglement is a studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Alanis Morissette that blends alternative rock with electronic influences and introspective lyrics.
  • B. Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen channels
    "Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen channels" is the landmark 1993 paper that first proposed the protocol of quantum teleportation, showing how to transfer an unknown quantum state using shared entanglement and classical communication.
  • C. Born rule in quantum mechanics
    The Born rule in quantum mechanics is the fundamental postulate that connects a system’s wavefunction to experimentally observed probabilities by stating that measurement outcomes occur with probabilities given by the squared magnitude of the wavefunction’s amplitudes.
  • D. Frauchiger–Renner paradox
    The Frauchiger–Renner paradox is a thought experiment in quantum foundations that extends Wigner’s friend scenario to argue that standard quantum theory cannot consistently describe its own use by multiple observers.
  • E. Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
    Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics is John von Neumann’s landmark 1932 treatise that rigorously formulates quantum theory using functional analysis and operator theory on Hilbert spaces.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations
Triple: [Scott Aaronson, notableWork, The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations]
Generated description
"The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations" is a highly cited research paper by Scott Aaronson that investigates the computational complexity and limitations of describing, preparing, and manipulating quantum states and operations.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations
Target entity description: "The Complexity of Quantum States and Transformations" is a highly cited research paper by Scott Aaronson that investigates the computational complexity and limitations of describing, preparing, and manipulating quantum states and operations.
  • A. Flavors of Entanglement
    Flavors of Entanglement is a studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Alanis Morissette that blends alternative rock with electronic influences and introspective lyrics.
  • B. Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen channels
    "Teleporting an unknown quantum state via dual classical and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen channels" is the landmark 1993 paper that first proposed the protocol of quantum teleportation, showing how to transfer an unknown quantum state using shared entanglement and classical communication.
  • C. Born rule in quantum mechanics
    The Born rule in quantum mechanics is the fundamental postulate that connects a system’s wavefunction to experimentally observed probabilities by stating that measurement outcomes occur with probabilities given by the squared magnitude of the wavefunction’s amplitudes.
  • D. Frauchiger–Renner paradox
    The Frauchiger–Renner paradox is a thought experiment in quantum foundations that extends Wigner’s friend scenario to argue that standard quantum theory cannot consistently describe its own use by multiple observers.
  • E. Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
    Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics is John von Neumann’s landmark 1932 treatise that rigorously formulates quantum theory using functional analysis and operator theory on Hilbert spaces.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d7bdf366888190a8cccb982606889c completed April 9, 2026, 2:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d96e6f858c8190915ede38e9a6a2df completed April 10, 2026, 9:41 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f6850d6ebc8190aaffcac09f4b15eb completed May 2, 2026, 11:13 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f6863fada48190afe2ff7896a60094 completed May 2, 2026, 11:18 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f686bcac94819088782273effbb06a completed May 2, 2026, 11:20 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 5:30 p.m.