Triple

T12797620
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Philip J. Davis E305929 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Methods of Numerical Integration
Methods of Numerical Integration is a comprehensive mathematical text that systematically presents and analyzes techniques for approximating definite integrals using numerical methods.
 E1002060 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Methods of Numerical Integration | Statement: [Philip J. Davis, notableWork, Methods of Numerical Integration]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Methods of Numerical Integration
Context triple: [Philip J. Davis, notableWork, Methods of Numerical Integration]
  • A. Euler’s method for numerical integration
    Euler’s method for numerical integration is a simple first-order numerical procedure used to approximate solutions to ordinary differential equations by stepping forward in small increments.
  • B. Newton–Cotes formulas
    Newton–Cotes formulas are a family of numerical integration methods that approximate definite integrals by interpolating the integrand with equally spaced polynomial points.
  • C. Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers
    Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers is a classic textbook by Richard W. Hamming that introduces and explains practical computational techniques for solving mathematical problems in science and engineering.
  • D. Runge–Kutta methods
    Runge–Kutta methods are a family of iterative techniques for numerically solving ordinary differential equations with higher accuracy than simple one-step schemes.
  • E. Gaussian quadrature rules
    Gaussian quadrature rules are numerical integration methods that approximate definite integrals by optimally choosing evaluation points and weights to achieve exactness for polynomials up to a high degree.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Methods of Numerical Integration
Triple: [Philip J. Davis, notableWork, Methods of Numerical Integration]
Generated description
Methods of Numerical Integration is a comprehensive mathematical text that systematically presents and analyzes techniques for approximating definite integrals using numerical methods.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Methods of Numerical Integration
Target entity description: Methods of Numerical Integration is a comprehensive mathematical text that systematically presents and analyzes techniques for approximating definite integrals using numerical methods.
  • A. Euler’s method for numerical integration
    Euler’s method for numerical integration is a simple first-order numerical procedure used to approximate solutions to ordinary differential equations by stepping forward in small increments.
  • B. Newton–Cotes formulas
    Newton–Cotes formulas are a family of numerical integration methods that approximate definite integrals by interpolating the integrand with equally spaced polynomial points.
  • C. Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers
    Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers is a classic textbook by Richard W. Hamming that introduces and explains practical computational techniques for solving mathematical problems in science and engineering.
  • D. Runge–Kutta methods
    Runge–Kutta methods are a family of iterative techniques for numerically solving ordinary differential equations with higher accuracy than simple one-step schemes.
  • E. Gaussian quadrature rules
    Gaussian quadrature rules are numerical integration methods that approximate definite integrals by optimally choosing evaluation points and weights to achieve exactness for polynomials up to a high degree.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d7bdf366888190a8cccb982606889c completed April 9, 2026, 2:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d96e6db68481909a2ca8da1287f3e0 completed April 10, 2026, 9:41 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f6850d6ebc8190aaffcac09f4b15eb completed May 2, 2026, 11:13 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f6863fada48190afe2ff7896a60094 completed May 2, 2026, 11:18 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f686bcac94819088782273effbb06a completed May 2, 2026, 11:20 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 5:30 p.m.