Triple

T12562506
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Michael Stonebraker E295382 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object “The Design of Postgres”
“The Design of Postgres” is a foundational technical paper/book in database systems that presents the architecture, design principles, and innovations behind the Postgres relational database, authored by Michael Stonebraker.
E991174 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: “The Design of Postgres” | Statement: [Michael Stonebraker, notableWork, “The Design of Postgres”]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “The Design of Postgres”
Context triple: [Michael Stonebraker, notableWork, “The Design of Postgres”]
  • A. Database Systems: The Complete Book
    Database Systems: The Complete Book is a comprehensive textbook that covers fundamental and advanced concepts in database design, implementation, and theory, widely used in computer science education.
  • B. INGRES relational database system
    INGRES relational database system is an influential early relational DBMS developed at the University of California, Berkeley, that pioneered many concepts and technologies later adopted by commercial database systems.
  • C. PostgreSQL
    PostgreSQL is a powerful open-source relational database management system known for its robustness, extensibility, and strong standards compliance.
  • D. Database System Concepts
    Database System Concepts is a widely used foundational textbook in computer science that introduces the principles, design, and implementation of modern database systems.
  • E. More Programming Pearls (book)
    More Programming Pearls is a follow-up collection of essays by Jon Bentley that explores practical techniques and thought processes for solving challenging programming and algorithmic problems.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: “The Design of Postgres”
Triple: [Michael Stonebraker, notableWork, “The Design of Postgres”]
Generated description
“The Design of Postgres” is a foundational technical paper/book in database systems that presents the architecture, design principles, and innovations behind the Postgres relational database, authored by Michael Stonebraker.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “The Design of Postgres”
Target entity description: “The Design of Postgres” is a foundational technical paper/book in database systems that presents the architecture, design principles, and innovations behind the Postgres relational database, authored by Michael Stonebraker.
  • A. Database Systems: The Complete Book
    Database Systems: The Complete Book is a comprehensive textbook that covers fundamental and advanced concepts in database design, implementation, and theory, widely used in computer science education.
  • B. INGRES relational database system
    INGRES relational database system is an influential early relational DBMS developed at the University of California, Berkeley, that pioneered many concepts and technologies later adopted by commercial database systems.
  • C. PostgreSQL
    PostgreSQL is a powerful open-source relational database management system known for its robustness, extensibility, and strong standards compliance.
  • D. Database System Concepts
    Database System Concepts is a widely used foundational textbook in computer science that introduces the principles, design, and implementation of modern database systems.
  • E. More Programming Pearls (book)
    More Programming Pearls is a follow-up collection of essays by Jon Bentley that explores practical techniques and thought processes for solving challenging programming and algorithmic problems.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ad9cac2c81908e8a7bed82d1e21d completed April 8, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d95494ae1c81908b9ee14b8ef92a65 completed April 10, 2026, 7:50 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f6558da7e0819086860bfaf394e2d8 completed May 2, 2026, 7:50 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f65a0f1b2881908a7cb21c9de1a5c2 completed May 2, 2026, 8:09 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f65ad4424c8190933759cca5d73c22 completed May 2, 2026, 8:13 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 11:48 p.m.