Triple
T12515912
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | dirmngr |
E299190
|
entity |
| Predicate | developer |
P73
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Werner Koch |
E53185
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Werner Koch | Statement: [dirmngr, developer, Werner Koch]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Werner Koch Context triple: [dirmngr, developer, Werner Koch]
-
A.
Werner Koch
chosen
Werner Koch is a German free software developer best known as the principal author and maintainer of the GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG) encryption software.
-
B.
Markus Oberhumer
Markus Oberhumer is an Austrian software developer best known as the creator of the UPX executable packer and contributor to various open-source compression and optimization tools.
-
C.
Patrick Volkerding
Patrick Volkerding is an American software engineer best known as the founder and long-time maintainer of the Slackware Linux distribution, one of the oldest surviving Linux distros.
-
D.
Theo de Raadt
Theo de Raadt is a Canadian software engineer best known as the founder and leader of the OpenBSD and OpenSSH projects, and as a prominent advocate for free and secure software.
-
E.
Hugo Krawczyk
Hugo Krawczyk is a prominent cryptographer known for foundational contributions to modern cryptographic protocols and standards, including the design of HMAC and key exchange mechanisms used in Internet security.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d6ada5cdd48190860d9ce30aff69be |
completed | April 8, 2026, 7:33 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d9541f80148190976d1d912fe155d0 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 7:48 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69f64bbd58b88190baeb99380babf64f |
completed | May 2, 2026, 7:08 p.m. |
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:57 p.m.