Triple

T1249194
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Michael Green E26834 entity
Predicate hasPublication P80 FINISHED
Object Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
E141911 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction | Statement: [Michael Green, hasPublication, Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
Context triple: [Michael Green, hasPublication, Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction]
  • A. The Quantum Theory of Fields
    The Quantum Theory of Fields is Steven Weinberg’s influential multi-volume textbook that systematically develops modern quantum field theory and its applications to particle physics.
  • B. string theory
    String theory is a theoretical framework in physics that models fundamental particles as one-dimensional vibrating strings in an attempt to unify quantum mechanics and general relativity.
  • C. QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter
    QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter is a popular science book by physicist Richard Feynman that explains the quantum theory of electrodynamics in an accessible, lecture-based style.
  • D. Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays
    Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays is a 1993 collection of popular-science essays and reflections by physicist Stephen Hawking, exploring cosmology, black holes, and his personal life and ideas.
  • E. Calabi–Yau manifold
    A Calabi–Yau manifold is a special type of complex manifold with vanishing first Chern class that plays a central role in string theory compactifications and complex algebraic geometry.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
Triple: [Michael Green, hasPublication, Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction]
Generated description
Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
Target entity description: Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
  • A. The Quantum Theory of Fields
    The Quantum Theory of Fields is Steven Weinberg’s influential multi-volume textbook that systematically develops modern quantum field theory and its applications to particle physics.
  • B. string theory
    String theory is a theoretical framework in physics that models fundamental particles as one-dimensional vibrating strings in an attempt to unify quantum mechanics and general relativity.
  • C. QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter
    QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter is a popular science book by physicist Richard Feynman that explains the quantum theory of electrodynamics in an accessible, lecture-based style.
  • D. Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays
    Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays is a 1993 collection of popular-science essays and reflections by physicist Stephen Hawking, exploring cosmology, black holes, and his personal life and ideas.
  • E. Calabi–Yau manifold
    A Calabi–Yau manifold is a special type of complex manifold with vanishing first Chern class that plays a central role in string theory compactifications and complex algebraic geometry.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a49487a9c48190ba9b05348fd1b53f completed March 1, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4bf83b32c81908648e5748b897247 completed March 1, 2026, 10:36 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac8f7f59148190a9f1cbd4af8a115e completed March 7, 2026, 8:50 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac8ff7ae0c81908ca8ace1f4159383 completed March 7, 2026, 8:52 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac905e121c819093c9d960b53a45b7 completed March 7, 2026, 8:53 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:47 p.m.