Triple
T1249104
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Snell’s law of refraction |
E26832
|
entity |
| Predicate | historicallyAttributedTo |
P4595
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Willebrord Snellius
Willebrord Snellius was a Dutch mathematician and astronomer best known for formulating the law that describes how light bends when passing between different media.
|
E147648
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Willebrord Snellius | Statement: [Snell’s law of refraction, historicallyAttributedTo, Willebrord Snellius]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Willebrord Snellius Context triple: [Snell’s law of refraction, historicallyAttributedTo, Willebrord Snellius]
-
A.
Christiaan Huygens
Christiaan Huygens was a 17th-century Dutch mathematician, physicist, and astronomer known for his work on the wave theory of light, the invention of the pendulum clock, and the discovery of Saturn’s moon Titan.
-
B.
Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen
Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen was a Dutch Golden Age portrait painter renowned for his elegant, detailed likenesses of English and Dutch sitters.
-
C.
Lodewijk Huygens
Lodewijk Huygens was a 17th-century Dutch diplomat and art collector from the prominent Huygens family, known for his cultural and political activities in the Dutch Republic.
-
D.
Regiomontanus
Regiomontanus was a 15th-century German mathematician and astronomer whose advanced astronomical tables and theoretical work significantly shaped the development of Renaissance astronomy and influenced later figures like Copernicus.
-
E.
Frans van Schooten
Frans van Schooten was a 17th-century Dutch mathematician best known for editing and expanding René Descartes’ "La Géométrie," thereby significantly influencing the development of analytic geometry.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Willebrord Snellius Triple: [Snell’s law of refraction, historicallyAttributedTo, Willebrord Snellius]
Generated description
Willebrord Snellius was a Dutch mathematician and astronomer best known for formulating the law that describes how light bends when passing between different media.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Willebrord Snellius Target entity description: Willebrord Snellius was a Dutch mathematician and astronomer best known for formulating the law that describes how light bends when passing between different media.
-
A.
Christiaan Huygens
Christiaan Huygens was a 17th-century Dutch mathematician, physicist, and astronomer known for his work on the wave theory of light, the invention of the pendulum clock, and the discovery of Saturn’s moon Titan.
-
B.
Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen
Cornelis Janssens van Ceulen was a Dutch Golden Age portrait painter renowned for his elegant, detailed likenesses of English and Dutch sitters.
-
C.
Lodewijk Huygens
Lodewijk Huygens was a 17th-century Dutch diplomat and art collector from the prominent Huygens family, known for his cultural and political activities in the Dutch Republic.
-
D.
Regiomontanus
Regiomontanus was a 15th-century German mathematician and astronomer whose advanced astronomical tables and theoretical work significantly shaped the development of Renaissance astronomy and influenced later figures like Copernicus.
-
E.
Frans van Schooten
Frans van Schooten was a 17th-century Dutch mathematician best known for editing and expanding René Descartes’ "La Géométrie," thereby significantly influencing the development of analytic geometry.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a49487a9c48190ba9b05348fd1b53f |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:33 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4bf83b32c81908648e5748b897247 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 10:36 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69acacb3bf588190a6d042a01dfa31e5 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 10:54 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69acad20da088190a3b55a5d46e8d951 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 10:56 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69acae0392fc8190b644f4b233bbc3ff |
completed | March 7, 2026, 11 p.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:47 p.m.