Triple

T1233824
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Jakob Bernoulli E26502 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Bernoulli numbers
Bernoulli numbers are a sequence of rational numbers that play a central role in number theory and analysis, especially in formulas for sums of powers of integers and in the study of special functions like the Riemann zeta function.
E141076 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Bernoulli numbers | Statement: [Jakob Bernoulli, knownFor, Bernoulli numbers]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bernoulli numbers
Context triple: [Jakob Bernoulli, knownFor, Bernoulli numbers]
  • A. Euler–Maclaurin summation formula
    The Euler–Maclaurin summation formula is a fundamental result in analysis that connects sums and integrals, providing powerful asymptotic expansions and error estimates for approximating series by integrals.
  • B. Gauss’s constant
    Gauss’s constant is a mathematical constant arising in number theory and complex analysis, particularly in connection with the lemniscate and elliptic functions.
  • C. Riemann–Siegel formula
    The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
  • D. Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
    The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
  • E. Riemann zeta function
    The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Bernoulli numbers
Triple: [Jakob Bernoulli, knownFor, Bernoulli numbers]
Generated description
Bernoulli numbers are a sequence of rational numbers that play a central role in number theory and analysis, especially in formulas for sums of powers of integers and in the study of special functions like the Riemann zeta function.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bernoulli numbers
Target entity description: Bernoulli numbers are a sequence of rational numbers that play a central role in number theory and analysis, especially in formulas for sums of powers of integers and in the study of special functions like the Riemann zeta function.
  • A. Euler–Maclaurin summation formula
    The Euler–Maclaurin summation formula is a fundamental result in analysis that connects sums and integrals, providing powerful asymptotic expansions and error estimates for approximating series by integrals.
  • B. Gauss’s constant
    Gauss’s constant is a mathematical constant arising in number theory and complex analysis, particularly in connection with the lemniscate and elliptic functions.
  • C. Riemann–Siegel formula
    The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
  • D. Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula
    The Hardy–Ramanujan asymptotic formula is a landmark result in number theory that gives an approximate expression for the partition function p(n), describing how the number of integer partitions of n grows rapidly with n.
  • E. Riemann zeta function
    The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a4948571c88190a9191e451e6035fd completed March 1, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4be5d16ec819088056167c88d3318 completed March 1, 2026, 10:31 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac8a16badc8190b5b603db0ca738cb completed March 7, 2026, 8:27 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac8b70bd888190bed944579237bfad completed March 7, 2026, 8:32 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac8bce4be48190b7e396d31e881450 completed March 7, 2026, 8:34 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:47 p.m.