Triple

T12282677
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Malliavin calculus E292751 entity
Predicate namedAfter P63 FINISHED
Object Paul Malliavin
Paul Malliavin was a French mathematician best known for founding Malliavin calculus, a stochastic calculus of variations with major applications in probability theory and mathematical finance.
E973155 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Paul Malliavin | Statement: [Malliavin calculus, namedAfter, Paul Malliavin]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul Malliavin
Context triple: [Malliavin calculus, namedAfter, Paul Malliavin]
  • A. Pierre Hohenberg
    Pierre Hohenberg was a theoretical physicist best known for co-formulating the Hohenberg–Kohn theorems, which laid the mathematical foundation of modern density functional theory in quantum mechanics.
  • B. Jacques Levy
    Jacques Levy was an American songwriter, theater director, and psychologist best known for his lyrical collaborations with Bob Dylan in the 1970s.
  • C. Alain Macklovitch
    Alain Macklovitch is a Canadian DJ, turntablist, and record producer better known by his stage name A-Trak, recognized for his influential role in electronic and hip-hop music.
  • D. Jean-Claude Dreyfus
    Jean-Claude Dreyfus is a French actor known for his character roles in films by directors like Jean-Pierre Jeunet, often blending dark humor and eccentricity.
  • E. Alexandre Weil
    Alexandre Weil is a French film director and visual artist known for his innovative work in animation and motion design.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Paul Malliavin
Triple: [Malliavin calculus, namedAfter, Paul Malliavin]
Generated description
Paul Malliavin was a French mathematician best known for founding Malliavin calculus, a stochastic calculus of variations with major applications in probability theory and mathematical finance.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul Malliavin
Target entity description: Paul Malliavin was a French mathematician best known for founding Malliavin calculus, a stochastic calculus of variations with major applications in probability theory and mathematical finance.
  • A. Pierre Hohenberg
    Pierre Hohenberg was a theoretical physicist best known for co-formulating the Hohenberg–Kohn theorems, which laid the mathematical foundation of modern density functional theory in quantum mechanics.
  • B. Jacques Levy
    Jacques Levy was an American songwriter, theater director, and psychologist best known for his lyrical collaborations with Bob Dylan in the 1970s.
  • C. Alain Macklovitch
    Alain Macklovitch is a Canadian DJ, turntablist, and record producer better known by his stage name A-Trak, recognized for his influential role in electronic and hip-hop music.
  • D. Jean-Claude Dreyfus
    Jean-Claude Dreyfus is a French actor known for his character roles in films by directors like Jean-Pierre Jeunet, often blending dark humor and eccentricity.
  • E. Alexandre Weil
    Alexandre Weil is a French film director and visual artist known for his innovative work in animation and motion design.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab690ad081908c0ed3870ec82d53 completed April 8, 2026, 7:24 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d91cf2b09c81908a11581d33f65be0 completed April 10, 2026, 3:53 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f61e70dec8819098199fbb54d888c1 completed May 2, 2026, 3:55 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f61f5bc1fc8190af9d74acc307ebe1 completed May 2, 2026, 3:59 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f62041f2408190ad320fec5283abdd completed May 2, 2026, 4:03 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:52 p.m.