Triple

T12105851
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject An Introduction to Practical Astronomy E288300 entity
Predicate hasAuthorOccupation P938 FINISHED
Object Elias Loomis was an astronomer
Elias Loomis was an American 19th-century astronomer and mathematician known for his influential textbooks and research on geomagnetism and auroras.
E966770 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Elias Loomis was an astronomer | Statement: [An Introduction to Practical Astronomy, hasAuthorOccupation, Elias Loomis was an astronomer]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Elias Loomis was an astronomer
Context triple: [An Introduction to Practical Astronomy, hasAuthorOccupation, Elias Loomis was an astronomer]
  • A. Percival Lowell
    Percival Lowell was an American astronomer best known for his observations of Mars, his speculation about Martian canals, and for founding the Lowell Observatory, which later led to the discovery of Pluto.
  • B. Frank H. Bigelow (astronomer)
    Frank H. Bigelow was an American astronomer and meteorologist known for his work on solar eclipses, atmospheric phenomena, and contributions to early geophysical research.
  • C. Edward Emerson Barnard
    Edward Emerson Barnard was an American astronomer renowned for his discoveries of comets, dark nebulae, and the high proper-motion star now known as Barnard's Star.
  • D. Henry Draper
    Henry Draper was a pioneering 19th-century American physician and astronomer renowned for his early work in astrophotography and stellar spectroscopy, which laid the groundwork for modern stellar classification.
  • E. George Willis Ritchey
    George Willis Ritchey was an American optician and telescope designer renowned for pioneering advanced reflecting telescope technologies in the early 20th century.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Elias Loomis was an astronomer
Triple: [An Introduction to Practical Astronomy, hasAuthorOccupation, Elias Loomis was an astronomer]
Generated description
Elias Loomis was an American 19th-century astronomer and mathematician known for his influential textbooks and research on geomagnetism and auroras.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Elias Loomis was an astronomer
Target entity description: Elias Loomis was an American 19th-century astronomer and mathematician known for his influential textbooks and research on geomagnetism and auroras.
  • A. Percival Lowell
    Percival Lowell was an American astronomer best known for his observations of Mars, his speculation about Martian canals, and for founding the Lowell Observatory, which later led to the discovery of Pluto.
  • B. Frank H. Bigelow (astronomer)
    Frank H. Bigelow was an American astronomer and meteorologist known for his work on solar eclipses, atmospheric phenomena, and contributions to early geophysical research.
  • C. Edward Emerson Barnard
    Edward Emerson Barnard was an American astronomer renowned for his discoveries of comets, dark nebulae, and the high proper-motion star now known as Barnard's Star.
  • D. Henry Draper
    Henry Draper was a pioneering 19th-century American physician and astronomer renowned for his early work in astrophotography and stellar spectroscopy, which laid the groundwork for modern stellar classification.
  • E. George Willis Ritchey
    George Willis Ritchey was an American optician and telescope designer renowned for pioneering advanced reflecting telescope technologies in the early 20th century.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab4a5c448190a110d1273314b21a completed April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d91561eaec819096ba00682d81f41a completed April 10, 2026, 3:21 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f5f6795bf88190891acf918a432bef completed May 2, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f60263bc6c8190b867b4af20305e57 completed May 2, 2026, 1:55 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f6033935c08190980bd69395c250e4 completed May 2, 2026, 1:59 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:49 p.m.