Triple

T12061460
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Åström–Wittenmark adaptive control framework E287179 entity
Predicate includesConcept P531 FINISHED
Object certainty equivalence principle
The certainty equivalence principle is a control design approach where unknown system parameters are replaced by their estimates and the controller is designed as if these estimates were exact.
E965970 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: certainty equivalence principle | Statement: [Åström–Wittenmark adaptive control framework, includesConcept, certainty equivalence principle]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: certainty equivalence principle
Context triple: [Åström–Wittenmark adaptive control framework, includesConcept, certainty equivalence principle]
  • A. Allais paradox
    The Allais paradox is a famous decision-making puzzle in behavioral economics that shows how people's choices under risk often violate the expected utility theory, revealing systematic inconsistencies in rational choice models.
  • B. Ellsberg paradox
    The Ellsberg paradox is a famous problem in decision theory and economics that demonstrates how people’s choices often violate expected utility theory due to ambiguity aversion.
  • C. expected utility theory (with John von Neumann)
    Expected utility theory (with John von Neumann) is a foundational framework in economics and decision theory that models how rational agents make choices under uncertainty by maximizing the expected value of a utility function.
  • D. St. Petersburg paradox
    The St. Petersburg paradox is a famous problem in probability theory and economics that highlights how a lottery with an infinite expected payoff can still attract only a finite price from rational gamblers, challenging traditional notions of expected value and decision-making under risk.
  • E. Robustness principle
    The Robustness principle is a design guideline in network and software engineering that advises systems to be conservative in what they send and liberal in what they accept to maximize interoperability and resilience.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: certainty equivalence principle
Triple: [Åström–Wittenmark adaptive control framework, includesConcept, certainty equivalence principle]
Generated description
The certainty equivalence principle is a control design approach where unknown system parameters are replaced by their estimates and the controller is designed as if these estimates were exact.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: certainty equivalence principle
Target entity description: The certainty equivalence principle is a control design approach where unknown system parameters are replaced by their estimates and the controller is designed as if these estimates were exact.
  • A. Allais paradox
    The Allais paradox is a famous decision-making puzzle in behavioral economics that shows how people's choices under risk often violate the expected utility theory, revealing systematic inconsistencies in rational choice models.
  • B. Ellsberg paradox
    The Ellsberg paradox is a famous problem in decision theory and economics that demonstrates how people’s choices often violate expected utility theory due to ambiguity aversion.
  • C. expected utility theory (with John von Neumann)
    Expected utility theory (with John von Neumann) is a foundational framework in economics and decision theory that models how rational agents make choices under uncertainty by maximizing the expected value of a utility function.
  • D. St. Petersburg paradox
    The St. Petersburg paradox is a famous problem in probability theory and economics that highlights how a lottery with an infinite expected payoff can still attract only a finite price from rational gamblers, challenging traditional notions of expected value and decision-making under risk.
  • E. Robustness principle
    The Robustness principle is a design guideline in network and software engineering that advises systems to be conservative in what they send and liberal in what they accept to maximize interoperability and resilience.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab4846e081908ee7bbd66a6d3459 completed April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d9043f82248190b05692aa0dc178a8 completed April 10, 2026, 2:07 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f5f6532a048190b53f96c9df948dda completed May 2, 2026, 1:04 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f600b51f488190a85a8f10f190b3c0 completed May 2, 2026, 1:48 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f601ef0a9c8190ac922562a8856def completed May 2, 2026, 1:53 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:48 p.m.