Triple

T12011793
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Differential Topology (book) E285920 entity
Predicate topic P261 FINISHED
Object Sard's theorem
Sard's theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology stating that the set of critical values of a smooth map between manifolds has measure zero, implying that almost all values are regular.
E960598 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Sard's theorem | Statement: [Differential Topology (book), topic, Sard's theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sard's theorem
Context triple: [Differential Topology (book), topic, Sard's theorem]
  • A. Thom transversality theorem
    The Thom transversality theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology that guarantees generic smooth maps are transverse to given submanifolds, underpinning the study of stable phenomena and cobordism.
  • B. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • C. Whitney embedding theorem
    The Whitney embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology stating that any smooth n-dimensional manifold can be embedded as a submanifold of Euclidean space of sufficiently high dimension (specifically \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\)).
  • D. Darboux theorem
    The Darboux theorem is a fundamental result in symplectic geometry stating that all symplectic manifolds are locally symplectomorphic to the standard symplectic space, implying that the symplectic form can always be put into a canonical local normal form.
  • E. Poincaré–Hopf theorem
    The Poincaré–Hopf theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology that relates the sum of the indices of a vector field’s isolated zeros on a compact manifold to the manifold’s Euler characteristic.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Sard's theorem
Triple: [Differential Topology (book), topic, Sard's theorem]
Generated description
Sard's theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology stating that the set of critical values of a smooth map between manifolds has measure zero, implying that almost all values are regular.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sard's theorem
Target entity description: Sard's theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology stating that the set of critical values of a smooth map between manifolds has measure zero, implying that almost all values are regular.
  • A. Thom transversality theorem
    The Thom transversality theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology that guarantees generic smooth maps are transverse to given submanifolds, underpinning the study of stable phenomena and cobordism.
  • B. Nash embedding theorem
    The Nash embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential geometry that shows any Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space, thereby realizing abstract curved spaces as concrete subsets of standard Euclidean space.
  • C. Whitney embedding theorem
    The Whitney embedding theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology stating that any smooth n-dimensional manifold can be embedded as a submanifold of Euclidean space of sufficiently high dimension (specifically \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\)).
  • D. Darboux theorem
    The Darboux theorem is a fundamental result in symplectic geometry stating that all symplectic manifolds are locally symplectomorphic to the standard symplectic space, implying that the symplectic form can always be put into a canonical local normal form.
  • E. Poincaré–Hopf theorem
    The Poincaré–Hopf theorem is a fundamental result in differential topology that relates the sum of the indices of a vector field’s isolated zeros on a compact manifold to the manifold’s Euler characteristic.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab45a368819084fce08bf0dc3705 completed April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d903d7777481908cd5a001f75e2ee3 completed April 10, 2026, 2:06 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f48b363c6481908c8414c1eecc14f5 completed May 1, 2026, 11:15 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f48fc6da4c81908442f18cb4a65b27 completed May 1, 2026, 11:34 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f495cc50908190aab4f8ca64c66ef3 completed May 1, 2026, noon
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:46 p.m.