Triple

T12011772
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Raoul Bott E285919 entity
Predicate notableStudent P4838 FINISHED
Object Clifford Taubes
Clifford Taubes is an American mathematician renowned for his work in gauge theory, low-dimensional topology, and the application of analytical methods to geometry and physics.
E971745 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Clifford Taubes | Statement: [Raoul Bott, notableStudent, Clifford Taubes]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clifford Taubes
Context triple: [Raoul Bott, notableStudent, Clifford Taubes]
  • A. Isadore Singer
    Isadore Singer was an American mathematician renowned for co-formulating the Atiyah–Singer Index Theorem, a foundational result linking analysis, topology, and geometry.
  • B. Richard Schoen
    Richard Schoen is an American mathematician renowned for his influential work in differential geometry and geometric analysis.
  • C. Raoul Bott
    Raoul Bott was a Hungarian-American mathematician renowned for his fundamental contributions to topology, geometry, and mathematical physics, including the Bott periodicity theorem.
  • D. Barry Mazur
    Barry Mazur is an American mathematician renowned for his influential work in number theory and arithmetic geometry, particularly in the development of the theory of modular forms and contributions to the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem.
  • E. John Milnor
    John Milnor is an American mathematician renowned for his groundbreaking work in differential topology, K-theory, and dynamical systems, and is one of the most influential figures in modern mathematics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Clifford Taubes
Triple: [Raoul Bott, notableStudent, Clifford Taubes]
Generated description
Clifford Taubes is an American mathematician renowned for his work in gauge theory, low-dimensional topology, and the application of analytical methods to geometry and physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clifford Taubes
Target entity description: Clifford Taubes is an American mathematician renowned for his work in gauge theory, low-dimensional topology, and the application of analytical methods to geometry and physics.
  • A. Isadore Singer
    Isadore Singer was an American mathematician renowned for co-formulating the Atiyah–Singer Index Theorem, a foundational result linking analysis, topology, and geometry.
  • B. Richard Schoen
    Richard Schoen is an American mathematician renowned for his influential work in differential geometry and geometric analysis.
  • C. Raoul Bott
    Raoul Bott was a Hungarian-American mathematician renowned for his fundamental contributions to topology, geometry, and mathematical physics, including the Bott periodicity theorem.
  • D. Barry Mazur
    Barry Mazur is an American mathematician renowned for his influential work in number theory and arithmetic geometry, particularly in the development of the theory of modular forms and contributions to the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem.
  • E. John Milnor
    John Milnor is an American mathematician renowned for his groundbreaking work in differential topology, K-theory, and dynamical systems, and is one of the most influential figures in modern mathematics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab45a368819084fce08bf0dc3705 completed April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d903d7777481908cd5a001f75e2ee3 completed April 10, 2026, 2:06 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f60a5ccac481908c61fc1109cc6ef6 completed May 2, 2026, 2:29 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f60f62fc088190ab9caba49485911b completed May 2, 2026, 2:51 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f60fe8c2ec8190af7c69dd17ea75fe completed May 2, 2026, 2:53 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:46 p.m.