Triple
T12011771
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Raoul Bott |
E285919
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology
Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology is a foundational graduate-level textbook that develops algebraic topology using the language of differential forms, bridging differential geometry and topological methods.
|
E960596
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology | Statement: [Raoul Bott, notableWork, Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology Context triple: [Raoul Bott, notableWork, Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology]
-
A.
"Algebraic Topology"
"Algebraic Topology" is a foundational mathematical text that develops topological concepts using algebraic methods such as homology and cohomology theories.
-
B.
Quelques propriétés globales des variétés différentiables
"Quelques propriétés globales des variétés différentiables" is a seminal mathematical work by René Thom that helped found differential topology by studying global properties of differentiable manifolds.
-
C.
Chern–Weil theory
Chern–Weil theory is a framework in differential geometry that constructs characteristic classes of vector bundles from curvature forms, linking topology and geometry through invariant polynomials.
-
D.
J. Munkres, Elementary Differential Topology
"J. Munkres, Elementary Differential Topology" is a classic introductory textbook that rigorously develops the foundations of differential topology, including topics such as smooth manifolds, transversality, and approximation theorems.
-
E.
Cheeger–Simons differential characters
Cheeger–Simons differential characters are geometric invariants that refine ordinary cohomology by incorporating both integral cohomology classes and differential form data, providing a model for differential cohomology theories.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology Triple: [Raoul Bott, notableWork, Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology]
Generated description
Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology is a foundational graduate-level textbook that develops algebraic topology using the language of differential forms, bridging differential geometry and topological methods.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology Target entity description: Differential Forms in Algebraic Topology is a foundational graduate-level textbook that develops algebraic topology using the language of differential forms, bridging differential geometry and topological methods.
-
A.
"Algebraic Topology"
"Algebraic Topology" is a foundational mathematical text that develops topological concepts using algebraic methods such as homology and cohomology theories.
-
B.
Quelques propriétés globales des variétés différentiables
"Quelques propriétés globales des variétés différentiables" is a seminal mathematical work by René Thom that helped found differential topology by studying global properties of differentiable manifolds.
-
C.
Chern–Weil theory
Chern–Weil theory is a framework in differential geometry that constructs characteristic classes of vector bundles from curvature forms, linking topology and geometry through invariant polynomials.
-
D.
J. Munkres, Elementary Differential Topology
"J. Munkres, Elementary Differential Topology" is a classic introductory textbook that rigorously develops the foundations of differential topology, including topics such as smooth manifolds, transversality, and approximation theorems.
-
E.
Cheeger–Simons differential characters
Cheeger–Simons differential characters are geometric invariants that refine ordinary cohomology by incorporating both integral cohomology classes and differential form data, providing a model for differential cohomology theories.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d6ab45a368819084fce08bf0dc3705 |
completed | April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d903d7777481908cd5a001f75e2ee3 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 2:06 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69f48b363c6481908c8414c1eecc14f5 |
completed | May 1, 2026, 11:15 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69f48fc6da4c81908442f18cb4a65b27 |
completed | May 1, 2026, 11:34 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69f495cc50908190aab4f8ca64c66ef3 |
completed | May 1, 2026, noon |
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:46 p.m.