Triple

T11961463
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Fischer Black E284677 entity
Predicate theoryDeveloped P119 FINISHED
Object Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM)
Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM) is an extension of the Capital Asset Pricing Model that allows for asset pricing without a risk-free asset by using a zero-beta portfolio as the benchmark for expected returns.
E956278 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM) | Statement: [Fischer Black, theoryDeveloped, Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM)
Context triple: [Fischer Black, theoryDeveloped, Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM)]
  • A. Fama–French three-factor model
    The Fama–French three-factor model is a widely used asset pricing framework that extends the traditional CAPM by explaining stock returns through market risk, company size, and value factors.
  • B. Black–Scholes model
    The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
  • C. Lucas asset pricing model
    The Lucas asset pricing model is a foundational rational expectations framework in macro-finance that explains asset prices through representative-agent intertemporal consumption choices under uncertainty.
  • D. Markowitz
    Markowitz is a locality in what is now Poland that is historically notable as the birthplace of the classical philologist Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff.
  • E. Modigliani–Miller theorem
    The Modigliani–Miller theorem is a foundational result in corporate finance stating that, under certain idealized conditions, a firm's value is unaffected by its capital structure or how it is financed.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM)
Triple: [Fischer Black, theoryDeveloped, Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM)]
Generated description
Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM) is an extension of the Capital Asset Pricing Model that allows for asset pricing without a risk-free asset by using a zero-beta portfolio as the benchmark for expected returns.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM)
Target entity description: Black CAPM (zero-beta CAPM) is an extension of the Capital Asset Pricing Model that allows for asset pricing without a risk-free asset by using a zero-beta portfolio as the benchmark for expected returns.
  • A. Fama–French three-factor model
    The Fama–French three-factor model is a widely used asset pricing framework that extends the traditional CAPM by explaining stock returns through market risk, company size, and value factors.
  • B. Black–Scholes model
    The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
  • C. Lucas asset pricing model
    The Lucas asset pricing model is a foundational rational expectations framework in macro-finance that explains asset prices through representative-agent intertemporal consumption choices under uncertainty.
  • D. Markowitz
    Markowitz is a locality in what is now Poland that is historically notable as the birthplace of the classical philologist Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff.
  • E. Modigliani–Miller theorem
    The Modigliani–Miller theorem is a foundational result in corporate finance stating that, under certain idealized conditions, a firm's value is unaffected by its capital structure or how it is financed.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab2eaeb881909f7914758f859413 completed April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d9037848f481908276716675464464 completed April 10, 2026, 2:04 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f4592fa9a48190a0450e3d0c57c4d3 completed May 1, 2026, 7:41 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f4645ef63881909b46937f73d637a3 completed May 1, 2026, 8:29 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f465be4db08190882898a17d077019 completed May 1, 2026, 8:35 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:45 p.m.