Triple

T11961438
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Fischer Black E284677 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Black–Derman–Toy model
The Black–Derman–Toy model is a one-factor short-rate interest rate model widely used in finance to price interest rate derivatives and construct yield curves.
E956274 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Black–Derman–Toy model | Statement: [Fischer Black, knownFor, Black–Derman–Toy model]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black–Derman–Toy model
Context triple: [Fischer Black, knownFor, Black–Derman–Toy model]
  • A. Black–Scholes model
    The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
  • B. Bachelier
    Bachelier was a prominent 19th-century French publishing house known for issuing influential scientific and philosophical works.
  • C. Itô’s lemma
    Itô’s lemma is a fundamental result in stochastic calculus that generalizes the chain rule to functions of stochastic processes, especially Brownian motion.
  • D. Modigliani–Brumberg model
    The Modigliani–Brumberg model is an economic life-cycle theory explaining how individuals plan consumption and saving over their lifetimes to smooth living standards despite changing income.
  • E. Feynman–Kac formula
    The Feynman–Kac formula is a fundamental result connecting solutions of certain partial differential equations with expectations over stochastic processes, forming a bridge between quantum mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical finance.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Black–Derman–Toy model
Triple: [Fischer Black, knownFor, Black–Derman–Toy model]
Generated description
The Black–Derman–Toy model is a one-factor short-rate interest rate model widely used in finance to price interest rate derivatives and construct yield curves.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Black–Derman–Toy model
Target entity description: The Black–Derman–Toy model is a one-factor short-rate interest rate model widely used in finance to price interest rate derivatives and construct yield curves.
  • A. Black–Scholes model
    The Black–Scholes model is a fundamental mathematical framework in financial economics for pricing options and other derivatives by modeling asset prices as stochastic processes.
  • B. Bachelier
    Bachelier was a prominent 19th-century French publishing house known for issuing influential scientific and philosophical works.
  • C. Itô’s lemma
    Itô’s lemma is a fundamental result in stochastic calculus that generalizes the chain rule to functions of stochastic processes, especially Brownian motion.
  • D. Modigliani–Brumberg model
    The Modigliani–Brumberg model is an economic life-cycle theory explaining how individuals plan consumption and saving over their lifetimes to smooth living standards despite changing income.
  • E. Feynman–Kac formula
    The Feynman–Kac formula is a fundamental result connecting solutions of certain partial differential equations with expectations over stochastic processes, forming a bridge between quantum mechanics, probability theory, and mathematical finance.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab2eaeb881909f7914758f859413 completed April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d9037848f481908276716675464464 completed April 10, 2026, 2:04 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f4592fa9a48190a0450e3d0c57c4d3 completed May 1, 2026, 7:41 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f4645ef63881909b46937f73d637a3 completed May 1, 2026, 8:29 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f465be4db08190882898a17d077019 completed May 1, 2026, 8:35 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:45 p.m.