Triple

T11796578
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject West Africans E280517 entity
Predicate hasHistoricalEmpire P4200 FINISHED
Object Kanem–Bornu Empire E227595 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kanem–Bornu Empire | Statement: [West Africans, hasHistoricalEmpire, Kanem–Bornu Empire]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Kanem–Bornu Empire
Context triple: [West Africans, hasHistoricalEmpire, Kanem–Bornu Empire]
  • A. Kanem Empire chosen
    The Kanem Empire was a powerful medieval African kingdom centered around Lake Chad that flourished as a hub of trans-Saharan trade and Islamic scholarship from roughly the 9th to the 14th century.
  • B. Bambara Empire
    The Bambara Empire was a powerful 17th–19th century West African state centered in present-day Mali, known for its military expansion, vibrant trade, and rich Bambara cultural traditions.
  • C. Mali Empire
    The Mali Empire was a powerful medieval West African state renowned for its wealth, trans-Saharan trade networks, and centers of Islamic learning such as Timbuktu.
  • D. Fulani Empire
    The Fulani Empire was a powerful 19th-century West African Islamic state centered in what is now northern Nigeria, established through a jihad that reshaped the region’s political and religious landscape.
  • E. Songhai Empire
    The Songhai Empire was a powerful and wealthy medieval West African state centered along the Niger River, renowned for its control of trans-Saharan trade and cities like Gao and Timbuktu.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab258b808190b1735835c841e3a4 completed April 8, 2026, 7:23 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d8a5a1cda0819092d66a82fd882786 completed April 10, 2026, 7:24 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f43f8a57ec8190aded70ae89aa8cf7 completed May 1, 2026, 5:52 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:42 p.m.