Triple

T11730012
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Clean Air Markets Division E278872 entity
Predicate implementsProgram P24641 FINISHED
Object Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs
The Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs are U.S. cap-and-trade systems designed to reduce power plant emissions that contribute to interstate air pollution and help states meet federal air quality standards.
E167629 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs | Statement: [Clean Air Markets Division, implementsProgram, Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs
Context triple: [Clean Air Markets Division, implementsProgram, Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs]
  • A. Clean Air Interstate Rule
    The Clean Air Interstate Rule was a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulation aimed at reducing interstate air pollution from power plants, particularly sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that contribute to fine particulate matter and ozone.
  • B. International Emissions Trading
    International Emissions Trading is a market-based climate policy mechanism that allows countries or entities with surplus greenhouse gas emission allowances to sell them to those exceeding their emission limits, thereby promoting cost-effective global emissions reductions.
  • C. Acid Rain Program
    The Acid Rain Program is a U.S. federal regulatory initiative that uses a cap-and-trade system to reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants in order to combat acid rain and improve air quality.
  • D. Clean Air Markets Division
    Clean Air Markets Division is a program office within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that oversees market-based regulatory programs to reduce air pollution from power plants and other large sources.
  • E. Prevention of Significant Deterioration program
    The Prevention of Significant Deterioration program is a U.S. air quality permitting system that limits emissions from new or modified major pollution sources in areas that already meet national air quality standards.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs
Triple: [Clean Air Markets Division, implementsProgram, Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs]
Generated description
The Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs are U.S. cap-and-trade systems designed to reduce power plant emissions that contribute to interstate air pollution and help states meet federal air quality standards.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs
Target entity description: The Cross-State Air Pollution Rule trading programs are U.S. cap-and-trade systems designed to reduce power plant emissions that contribute to interstate air pollution and help states meet federal air quality standards.
  • A. Clean Air Interstate Rule chosen
    The Clean Air Interstate Rule was a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulation aimed at reducing interstate air pollution from power plants, particularly sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that contribute to fine particulate matter and ozone.
  • B. International Emissions Trading
    International Emissions Trading is a market-based climate policy mechanism that allows countries or entities with surplus greenhouse gas emission allowances to sell them to those exceeding their emission limits, thereby promoting cost-effective global emissions reductions.
  • C. Acid Rain Program
    The Acid Rain Program is a U.S. federal regulatory initiative that uses a cap-and-trade system to reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants in order to combat acid rain and improve air quality.
  • D. Clean Air Markets Division
    Clean Air Markets Division is a program office within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that oversees market-based regulatory programs to reduce air pollution from power plants and other large sources.
  • E. Prevention of Significant Deterioration program
    The Prevention of Significant Deterioration program is a U.S. air quality permitting system that limits emissions from new or modified major pollution sources in areas that already meet national air quality standards.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aaffec6881908bead509e8621742 completed April 8, 2026, 7:22 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d8a4d80ef881908cab956787ab07fd completed April 10, 2026, 7:20 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ef83f98fc481908015df3c4e5d7ed3 completed April 27, 2026, 3:42 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ef9b68309081909f3f614efeeb2ab1 completed April 27, 2026, 5:22 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69efd6aba82c81909ff22e6b26db3cfe completed April 27, 2026, 9:35 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:41 p.m.