Triple

T11411969
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Representation Theory and Automorphic Functions E270392 entity
Predicate topic P261 FINISHED
Object Eisenstein series
Eisenstein series are special types of complex analytic functions on the upper half-plane (or more general symmetric spaces) that play a central role in the theory of modular and automorphic forms, connecting number theory, representation theory, and harmonic analysis.
E924212 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Eisenstein series | Statement: [Representation Theory and Automorphic Functions, topic, Eisenstein series]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Eisenstein series
Context triple: [Representation Theory and Automorphic Functions, topic, Eisenstein series]
  • A. Siegel modular form
    A Siegel modular form is a type of complex analytic function defined on the Siegel upper half-space that generalizes classical modular forms to higher dimensions and plays a central role in number theory and algebraic geometry.
  • B. Hecke operators
    Hecke operators are algebraic operators acting on modular forms that play a central role in number theory, particularly in understanding congruences, L-functions, and the arithmetic of modular forms.
  • C. Euler products for automorphic L-functions
    Euler products for automorphic L-functions are infinite product expansions attached to automorphic representations that encode deep arithmetic information and generalize the classical Euler product of the Riemann zeta function to a broad class of L-functions in the Langlands program.
  • D. Selberg trace formula
    The Selberg trace formula is a fundamental result in analytic number theory and spectral theory that relates lengths of closed geodesics on a Riemannian manifold to the spectrum of its Laplace operator, serving as a non-abelian analogue of the Poisson summation formula.
  • E. Hecke theory
    Hecke theory is a branch of number theory centered on Hecke operators and modular forms, providing powerful tools to study arithmetic properties of modular forms and related objects.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Eisenstein series
Triple: [Representation Theory and Automorphic Functions, topic, Eisenstein series]
Generated description
Eisenstein series are special types of complex analytic functions on the upper half-plane (or more general symmetric spaces) that play a central role in the theory of modular and automorphic forms, connecting number theory, representation theory, and harmonic analysis.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Eisenstein series
Target entity description: Eisenstein series are special types of complex analytic functions on the upper half-plane (or more general symmetric spaces) that play a central role in the theory of modular and automorphic forms, connecting number theory, representation theory, and harmonic analysis.
  • A. Siegel modular form
    A Siegel modular form is a type of complex analytic function defined on the Siegel upper half-space that generalizes classical modular forms to higher dimensions and plays a central role in number theory and algebraic geometry.
  • B. Hecke operators
    Hecke operators are algebraic operators acting on modular forms that play a central role in number theory, particularly in understanding congruences, L-functions, and the arithmetic of modular forms.
  • C. Euler products for automorphic L-functions
    Euler products for automorphic L-functions are infinite product expansions attached to automorphic representations that encode deep arithmetic information and generalize the classical Euler product of the Riemann zeta function to a broad class of L-functions in the Langlands program.
  • D. Selberg trace formula
    The Selberg trace formula is a fundamental result in analytic number theory and spectral theory that relates lengths of closed geodesics on a Riemannian manifold to the spectrum of its Laplace operator, serving as a non-abelian analogue of the Poisson summation formula.
  • E. Hecke theory
    Hecke theory is a branch of number theory centered on Hecke operators and modular forms, providing powerful tools to study arithmetic properties of modular forms and related objects.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aaddeaa8819088b30ef7b50598c9 completed April 8, 2026, 7:22 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d8015017d08190b4020c76545556d6 completed April 9, 2026, 7:43 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e5b855f0508190a2e57ef9407ddb1a completed April 20, 2026, 5:23 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e5c28d3824819097ff84cb4e13c923 completed April 20, 2026, 6:07 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e5c451c6c88190bcbb1f54ede35d29 completed April 20, 2026, 6:14 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:34 p.m.