Triple

T11411740
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Gelfand–Levitan theory E270386 entity
Predicate coreConcept P533 FINISHED
Object Gelfand–Levitan integral equation E270386 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gelfand–Levitan integral equation | Statement: [Gelfand–Levitan theory, coreConcept, Gelfand–Levitan integral equation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Gelfand–Levitan integral equation
Context triple: [Gelfand–Levitan theory, coreConcept, Gelfand–Levitan integral equation]
  • A. Gelfand–Levitan theory chosen
    Gelfand–Levitan theory is a foundational framework in inverse spectral theory that reconstructs differential operators or potentials from their spectral data using integral equations.
  • B. Introduction to the Study of Integral Equations
    "Introduction to the Study of Integral Equations" is a foundational mathematical text by Maxime Bôcher that systematically develops the theory and applications of integral equations.
  • C. Sturm–Liouville problem
    The Sturm–Liouville problem is a class of second-order linear differential equations with boundary conditions that yield real eigenvalues and orthogonal eigenfunctions forming a basis for function expansions in mathematical physics and engineering.
  • D. Volterra integral equations
    Volterra integral equations are a class of integral equations, often used in physics and biology, where the integration limits involve a variable upper bound, modeling systems with memory or hereditary effects.
  • E. Lippmann–Schwinger equation
    The Lippmann–Schwinger equation is an integral equation in quantum scattering theory that reformulates the Schrödinger equation to describe how incoming waves are transformed into scattered waves by a potential.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aaddeaa8819088b30ef7b50598c9 completed April 8, 2026, 7:22 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d8015017d08190b4020c76545556d6 completed April 9, 2026, 7:43 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e5b855f0508190a2e57ef9407ddb1a completed April 20, 2026, 5:23 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:34 p.m.