Triple

T11346714
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Charles the Younger E268732 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Campaigns against the Lombards
Campaigns against the Lombards were military expeditions led by the Carolingian prince Charles the Younger to assert Frankish dominance over Lombard territories in Italy.
E920092 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Campaigns against the Lombards | Statement: [Charles the Younger, notableWork, Campaigns against the Lombards]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Campaigns against the Lombards
Context triple: [Charles the Younger, notableWork, Campaigns against the Lombards]
  • A. Campaigns against Great Moravia
    Campaigns against Great Moravia were a series of late 9th-century military expeditions led by East Frankish king Arnulf of Carinthia aimed at weakening and ultimately dismantling the Slavic realm of Great Moravia.
  • B. Wars against Great Moravia
    The Wars against Great Moravia were a series of late 9th-century military campaigns in Central Europe that contributed to the decline and eventual collapse of the Great Moravian Empire.
  • C. Gepid–Lombard wars
    The Gepid–Lombard wars were a series of 6th-century conflicts in the Carpathian Basin between the Lombards and the Gepids that reshaped power dynamics in the region and paved the way for the Lombard invasion of Italy.
  • D. Saxon Wars
    The Saxon Wars were a series of late 8th- and early 9th-century campaigns in which Charlemagne and the Frankish Empire fought to conquer and Christianize the pagan Saxon tribes in northern Germany.
  • E. Wars against the Cumans
    The Wars against the Cumans were a series of medieval military campaigns in which Kievan Rus', under rulers such as Vladimir II Monomakh, fought the nomadic Cuman tribes on the steppe frontiers of Eastern Europe.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Campaigns against the Lombards
Triple: [Charles the Younger, notableWork, Campaigns against the Lombards]
Generated description
Campaigns against the Lombards were military expeditions led by the Carolingian prince Charles the Younger to assert Frankish dominance over Lombard territories in Italy.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Campaigns against the Lombards
Target entity description: Campaigns against the Lombards were military expeditions led by the Carolingian prince Charles the Younger to assert Frankish dominance over Lombard territories in Italy.
  • A. Campaigns against Great Moravia
    Campaigns against Great Moravia were a series of late 9th-century military expeditions led by East Frankish king Arnulf of Carinthia aimed at weakening and ultimately dismantling the Slavic realm of Great Moravia.
  • B. Wars against Great Moravia
    The Wars against Great Moravia were a series of late 9th-century military campaigns in Central Europe that contributed to the decline and eventual collapse of the Great Moravian Empire.
  • C. Gepid–Lombard wars
    The Gepid–Lombard wars were a series of 6th-century conflicts in the Carpathian Basin between the Lombards and the Gepids that reshaped power dynamics in the region and paved the way for the Lombard invasion of Italy.
  • D. Saxon Wars
    The Saxon Wars were a series of late 8th- and early 9th-century campaigns in which Charlemagne and the Frankish Empire fought to conquer and Christianize the pagan Saxon tribes in northern Germany.
  • E. Wars against the Cumans
    The Wars against the Cumans were a series of medieval military campaigns in which Kievan Rus', under rulers such as Vladimir II Monomakh, fought the nomadic Cuman tribes on the steppe frontiers of Eastern Europe.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aacbe18081909e5fadb50082dd96 completed April 8, 2026, 7:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d7ea214bb88190bb66f7fd3ef73081 completed April 9, 2026, 6:04 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e5437fb1208190892fa6b05c92478e completed April 19, 2026, 9:05 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e548bb7be4819093aeeaf0c048033e completed April 19, 2026, 9:27 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e54eeba4a88190af128a99c277853a completed April 19, 2026, 9:53 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:33 p.m.