Triple

T11265295
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Purcell effect E266668 entity
Predicate occursIn P40 FINISHED
Object photonic crystals
Photonic crystals are materials with a periodic dielectric structure that manipulates the propagation of light, creating photonic band gaps and enabling strong control over optical phenomena.
E914951 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: photonic crystals | Statement: [Purcell effect, occursIn, photonic crystals]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: photonic crystals
Context triple: [Purcell effect, occursIn, photonic crystals]
  • A. Wave Propagation in Periodic Structures
    "Wave Propagation in Periodic Structures" is a foundational scientific monograph by Léon Brillouin that systematically develops the theory of wave behavior in periodically structured media, underpinning modern solid-state physics and band theory.
  • B. Photonics Research
    Photonics Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on cutting-edge research in photonics, optics, and related technologies.
  • C. Yablonovitch limit in light trapping
    The Yablonovitch limit in light trapping is a fundamental theoretical bound that defines the maximum enhancement of optical path length—and thus light absorption—achievable in a dielectric material using scattering and texturing.
  • D. Bloch oscillations
    Bloch oscillations are periodic oscillations of electrons in a crystal lattice subjected to a constant electric field, arising from the band structure and leading to oscillatory motion in momentum space.
  • E. Bloch waves
    Bloch waves are quantum-mechanical wavefunctions that describe particles, such as electrons, propagating through a periodic crystal lattice and form the basis for understanding electronic band structure in solids.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: photonic crystals
Triple: [Purcell effect, occursIn, photonic crystals]
Generated description
Photonic crystals are materials with a periodic dielectric structure that manipulates the propagation of light, creating photonic band gaps and enabling strong control over optical phenomena.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: photonic crystals
Target entity description: Photonic crystals are materials with a periodic dielectric structure that manipulates the propagation of light, creating photonic band gaps and enabling strong control over optical phenomena.
  • A. Wave Propagation in Periodic Structures
    "Wave Propagation in Periodic Structures" is a foundational scientific monograph by Léon Brillouin that systematically develops the theory of wave behavior in periodically structured media, underpinning modern solid-state physics and band theory.
  • B. Photonics Research
    Photonics Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on cutting-edge research in photonics, optics, and related technologies.
  • C. Yablonovitch limit in light trapping
    The Yablonovitch limit in light trapping is a fundamental theoretical bound that defines the maximum enhancement of optical path length—and thus light absorption—achievable in a dielectric material using scattering and texturing.
  • D. Bloch oscillations
    Bloch oscillations are periodic oscillations of electrons in a crystal lattice subjected to a constant electric field, arising from the band structure and leading to oscillatory motion in momentum space.
  • E. Bloch waves
    Bloch waves are quantum-mechanical wavefunctions that describe particles, such as electrons, propagating through a periodic crystal lattice and form the basis for understanding electronic band structure in solids.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aac8c2f48190ad0596f1f89f0470 completed April 8, 2026, 7:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d7e94e5e3c8190a31995d55d20d7ed completed April 9, 2026, 6 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e4ccc7fdc48190a84b8b584f67b464 completed April 19, 2026, 12:38 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e4d9ed6a048190ae7476d44cee6a6e completed April 19, 2026, 1:34 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e4ddb1b4c8819087699bc73610c7f8 completed April 19, 2026, 1:50 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:31 p.m.