Triple

T1111847
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Igbo E11012 entity
Predicate languageBranch P1967 FINISHED
Object Volta–Niger languages
Volta–Niger languages are a major subgroup of the Niger–Congo language family spoken primarily in southern Nigeria and neighboring regions, encompassing languages such as Igbo and Yoruba.
E56225 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Volta–Niger languages | Statement: [Igbo, languageBranch, Volta–Niger languages]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Volta–Niger languages
Context triple: [Igbo, languageBranch, Volta–Niger languages]
  • A. Benue–Congo languages
    The Benue–Congo languages are a large and diverse branch of African languages that include the widespread Bantu family and are spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa.
  • B. Adamawa–Ubangi languages
    Adamawa–Ubangi languages are a diverse branch of the Niger–Congo language family spoken primarily in central Africa, including parts of Nigeria, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, and surrounding regions.
  • C. Mande languages
    The Mande languages are a branch of West African languages spoken primarily in countries such as Mali, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, known for including major languages like Bambara, Mandinka, and Soninke.
  • D. Niger–Congo languages
    The Niger–Congo languages form one of the world’s largest language families, encompassing hundreds of related languages spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa, including major groups like Bantu.
  • E. Atlantic–Congo languages
    Atlantic–Congo languages are a major branch of the Niger–Congo language family, encompassing hundreds of related languages spoken widely across sub-Saharan Africa.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Volta–Niger languages
Triple: [Igbo, languageBranch, Volta–Niger languages]
Generated description
Volta–Niger languages are a major subgroup of the Niger–Congo language family spoken primarily in southern Nigeria and neighboring regions, encompassing languages such as Igbo and Yoruba.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Volta–Niger languages
Target entity description: Volta–Niger languages are a major subgroup of the Niger–Congo language family spoken primarily in southern Nigeria and neighboring regions, encompassing languages such as Igbo and Yoruba.
  • A. Benue–Congo languages
    The Benue–Congo languages are a large and diverse branch of African languages that include the widespread Bantu family and are spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa.
  • B. Adamawa–Ubangi languages
    Adamawa–Ubangi languages are a diverse branch of the Niger–Congo language family spoken primarily in central Africa, including parts of Nigeria, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, and surrounding regions.
  • C. Mande languages
    The Mande languages are a branch of West African languages spoken primarily in countries such as Mali, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, known for including major languages like Bambara, Mandinka, and Soninke.
  • D. Niger–Congo languages
    The Niger–Congo languages form one of the world’s largest language families, encompassing hundreds of related languages spoken across much of sub-Saharan Africa, including major groups like Bantu.
  • E. Atlantic–Congo languages chosen
    Atlantic–Congo languages are a major branch of the Niger–Congo language family, encompassing hundreds of related languages spoken widely across sub-Saharan Africa.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a493252a648190ac48f8742474a5e8 completed March 1, 2026, 7:27 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4bb7742788190b320aec99e76ca41 completed March 1, 2026, 10:19 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac93b2283881908dde77abbbf864ae completed March 7, 2026, 9:08 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac943de3f0819085dff5ef12f01766 completed March 7, 2026, 9:10 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac95c05ab081909db602d7bea73bf4 completed March 7, 2026, 9:16 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:43 p.m.