Triple

T10994968
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lawrence Cremin E259839 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980
American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 is a major historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how urbanization and metropolitan life shaped the development of American educational institutions and practices in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
E899985 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 | Statement: [Lawrence Cremin, notableWork, American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980
Context triple: [Lawrence Cremin, notableWork, American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980]
  • A. American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876
    American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876 is a Pulitzer Prize–winning historical study that examines the development and transformation of the American educational system from the post-Revolutionary era through Reconstruction.
  • B. American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783
    American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783 is a landmark historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines the development and character of educational practices in colonial America.
  • C. The Higher Learning in America
    The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
  • D. The Transformation of the School
    The Transformation of the School is an influential historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how progressive education reshaped American schooling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
  • E. In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984
    In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984 is a memoir by journalist and author Lawrence Wright that intertwines his coming-of-age story with the social and political transformations of the United States during the 1960s through the early 1980s.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980
Triple: [Lawrence Cremin, notableWork, American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980]
Generated description
American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 is a major historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how urbanization and metropolitan life shaped the development of American educational institutions and practices in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980
Target entity description: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 is a major historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how urbanization and metropolitan life shaped the development of American educational institutions and practices in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
  • A. American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876
    American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876 is a Pulitzer Prize–winning historical study that examines the development and transformation of the American educational system from the post-Revolutionary era through Reconstruction.
  • B. American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783
    American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783 is a landmark historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines the development and character of educational practices in colonial America.
  • C. The Higher Learning in America
    The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
  • D. The Transformation of the School
    The Transformation of the School is an influential historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how progressive education reshaped American schooling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
  • E. In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984
    In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984 is a memoir by journalist and author Lawrence Wright that intertwines his coming-of-age story with the social and political transformations of the United States during the 1960s through the early 1980s.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aa8a6a548190a750f944ccdc8064 completed April 8, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d795d59ebc8190baff1f50bdc46c1b completed April 9, 2026, 12:04 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e374762c748190a8c83f3d6fa7b1d3 completed April 18, 2026, 12:09 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e37ab6ca788190ac41f9494ad9a47f completed April 18, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e37c9439fc8190a69cfb1a13da4c19 completed April 18, 2026, 12:44 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:24 p.m.