Triple
T10994968
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Lawrence Cremin |
E259839
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980
American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 is a major historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how urbanization and metropolitan life shaped the development of American educational institutions and practices in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
|
E899985
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 | Statement: [Lawrence Cremin, notableWork, American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 Context triple: [Lawrence Cremin, notableWork, American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980]
-
A.
American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876
American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876 is a Pulitzer Prize–winning historical study that examines the development and transformation of the American educational system from the post-Revolutionary era through Reconstruction.
-
B.
American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783
American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783 is a landmark historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines the development and character of educational practices in colonial America.
-
C.
The Higher Learning in America
The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
-
D.
The Transformation of the School
The Transformation of the School is an influential historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how progressive education reshaped American schooling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
-
E.
In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984
In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984 is a memoir by journalist and author Lawrence Wright that intertwines his coming-of-age story with the social and political transformations of the United States during the 1960s through the early 1980s.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 Triple: [Lawrence Cremin, notableWork, American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980]
Generated description
American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 is a major historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how urbanization and metropolitan life shaped the development of American educational institutions and practices in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 Target entity description: American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 is a major historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how urbanization and metropolitan life shaped the development of American educational institutions and practices in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
-
A.
American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876
American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876 is a Pulitzer Prize–winning historical study that examines the development and transformation of the American educational system from the post-Revolutionary era through Reconstruction.
-
B.
American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783
American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783 is a landmark historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines the development and character of educational practices in colonial America.
-
C.
The Higher Learning in America
The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
-
D.
The Transformation of the School
The Transformation of the School is an influential historical study by Lawrence Cremin that examines how progressive education reshaped American schooling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
-
E.
In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984
In the New World: Growing Up with America, 1960–1984 is a memoir by journalist and author Lawrence Wright that intertwines his coming-of-age story with the social and political transformations of the United States during the 1960s through the early 1980s.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d6aa8a6a548190a750f944ccdc8064 |
completed | April 8, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d795d59ebc8190baff1f50bdc46c1b |
completed | April 9, 2026, 12:04 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69e374762c748190a8c83f3d6fa7b1d3 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 12:09 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69e37ab6ca788190ac41f9494ad9a47f |
completed | April 18, 2026, 12:36 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69e37c9439fc8190a69cfb1a13da4c19 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 12:44 p.m. |
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:24 p.m.