Triple

T10992294
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hadamard fractional integral E259779 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Riemann–Liouville fractional integral E47352 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Riemann–Liouville fractional integral | Statement: [Hadamard fractional integral, relatedTo, Riemann–Liouville fractional integral]

Disambiguation candidates (1 decision)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Riemann–Liouville fractional integral
Context triple: [Hadamard fractional integral, relatedTo, Riemann–Liouville fractional integral]
  • A. Riemann–Liouville integral chosen
    The Riemann–Liouville integral is a fundamental operator in fractional calculus that generalizes the concept of an n-fold repeated integral to non-integer (fractional) orders.
  • B. Riemann–Liouville derivative
    The Riemann–Liouville derivative is a fundamental definition of fractional-order differentiation in fractional calculus, generalizing the classical derivative to non-integer orders via integral transforms.
  • C. Hadamard fractional integral
    The Hadamard fractional integral is a generalization of the classical integral that defines fractional-order integration using logarithmic kernels, particularly suited to functions defined on multiplicative (e.g., positive real) domains.
  • D. Weyl fractional integral
    The Weyl fractional integral is a generalization of the classical integral to arbitrary (including non-integer) orders, defined on periodic functions or the whole real line and used in fractional calculus to model memory and hereditary properties in various systems.
  • E. Grünwald–Letnikov derivative
    The Grünwald–Letnikov derivative is a fundamental definition of fractional differentiation based on limit processes and finite differences, widely used as a foundation for fractional calculus.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69d6aa8a6a548190a750f944ccdc8064 elicitation completed
NER batch_69d795d32f9081909def643571499521 ner completed
NED1 batch_69e3e717481c81908800cd785537c8fc ned_source_triple completed
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:24 p.m.