Triple

T10991153
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Dirichlet L-functions E259755 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Artin L-functions
Artin L-functions are complex analytic functions attached to Galois representations that generalize Dirichlet L-functions and play a central role in number theory and the study of arithmetic properties of fields.
E899965 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Artin L-functions | Statement: [Dirichlet L-functions, relatedTo, Artin L-functions]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Artin L-functions
Context triple: [Dirichlet L-functions, relatedTo, Artin L-functions]
  • A. Artin’s conjecture on L-functions
    Artin’s conjecture on L-functions is a major unproven hypothesis in number theory asserting that nontrivial Artin L-functions associated to Galois representations are entire, with deep implications for the distribution of primes and the structure of number fields.
  • B. L-functions
    L-functions are complex analytic functions, often arising from number theory and algebraic geometry, that encode deep arithmetic information and generalize the Riemann zeta function.
  • C. Dirichlet L-functions
    Dirichlet L-functions are complex analytic functions built from Dirichlet characters that generalize the Riemann zeta function and play a central role in number theory, particularly in the study of primes in arithmetic progressions.
  • D. Dedekind zeta functions
    Dedekind zeta functions are number-theoretic functions attached to algebraic number fields that encode their arithmetic properties, such as the distribution of prime ideals and class numbers.
  • E. Siegel’s theorem on zeros of L-functions
    Siegel’s theorem on zeros of L-functions is a result in analytic number theory that gives strong bounds on how close nontrivial zeros of Dirichlet L-functions can approach 1, with deep implications for the distribution of primes in arithmetic progressions.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Artin L-functions
Triple: [Dirichlet L-functions, relatedTo, Artin L-functions]
Generated description
Artin L-functions are complex analytic functions attached to Galois representations that generalize Dirichlet L-functions and play a central role in number theory and the study of arithmetic properties of fields.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Artin L-functions
Target entity description: Artin L-functions are complex analytic functions attached to Galois representations that generalize Dirichlet L-functions and play a central role in number theory and the study of arithmetic properties of fields.
  • A. Artin’s conjecture on L-functions
    Artin’s conjecture on L-functions is a major unproven hypothesis in number theory asserting that nontrivial Artin L-functions associated to Galois representations are entire, with deep implications for the distribution of primes and the structure of number fields.
  • B. L-functions
    L-functions are complex analytic functions, often arising from number theory and algebraic geometry, that encode deep arithmetic information and generalize the Riemann zeta function.
  • C. Dirichlet L-functions
    Dirichlet L-functions are complex analytic functions built from Dirichlet characters that generalize the Riemann zeta function and play a central role in number theory, particularly in the study of primes in arithmetic progressions.
  • D. Dedekind zeta functions
    Dedekind zeta functions are number-theoretic functions attached to algebraic number fields that encode their arithmetic properties, such as the distribution of prime ideals and class numbers.
  • E. Siegel’s theorem on zeros of L-functions
    Siegel’s theorem on zeros of L-functions is a result in analytic number theory that gives strong bounds on how close nontrivial zeros of Dirichlet L-functions can approach 1, with deep implications for the distribution of primes in arithmetic progressions.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aa8a6a548190a750f944ccdc8064 completed April 8, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d787b8d7088190b7d6b63c3bac4ad1 completed April 9, 2026, 11:04 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e374639f1481908ea372b81a834f6f completed April 18, 2026, 12:09 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e37ab6ca788190ac41f9494ad9a47f completed April 18, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e37c9439fc8190a69cfb1a13da4c19 completed April 18, 2026, 12:44 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:24 p.m.