Triple
T10971330
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Capitulary for Saxony |
E259241
|
entity |
| Predicate | associatedWith |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Carolingian expansion
Carolingian expansion was the period of territorial and political growth of the Frankish Empire under the Carolingian dynasty, marked by military conquest, Christianization, and administrative consolidation across Western and Central Europe.
|
E897503
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Carolingian expansion | Statement: [Capitulary for Saxony, associatedWith, Carolingian expansion]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian expansion Context triple: [Capitulary for Saxony, associatedWith, Carolingian expansion]
-
A.
Merovingian expansion
Merovingian expansion refers to the territorial and political growth of the early Frankish Merovingian dynasty across Western Europe during the early Middle Ages.
-
B.
Carolingian fragmentation
Carolingian fragmentation refers to the political and territorial breakup of the Carolingian Empire into smaller, semi-independent realms and lordships following the decline of centralized imperial authority in the 9th and 10th centuries.
-
C.
Christianization of the Franks
The Christianization of the Franks was the process by which the Frankish peoples, beginning notably with the baptism of King Clovis I around 496, converted to Christianity and helped establish the religious foundation of the medieval Frankish and later French kingdoms.
-
D.
Frankish expansion into Aquitaine
Frankish expansion into Aquitaine was the early 6th-century campaign by the Frankish kingdom, under Clovis I, to conquer and absorb the Visigothic-controlled region of Aquitaine into its growing realm.
-
E.
Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Carolingian expansion Triple: [Capitulary for Saxony, associatedWith, Carolingian expansion]
Generated description
Carolingian expansion was the period of territorial and political growth of the Frankish Empire under the Carolingian dynasty, marked by military conquest, Christianization, and administrative consolidation across Western and Central Europe.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian expansion Target entity description: Carolingian expansion was the period of territorial and political growth of the Frankish Empire under the Carolingian dynasty, marked by military conquest, Christianization, and administrative consolidation across Western and Central Europe.
-
A.
Merovingian expansion
Merovingian expansion refers to the territorial and political growth of the early Frankish Merovingian dynasty across Western Europe during the early Middle Ages.
-
B.
Carolingian fragmentation
Carolingian fragmentation refers to the political and territorial breakup of the Carolingian Empire into smaller, semi-independent realms and lordships following the decline of centralized imperial authority in the 9th and 10th centuries.
-
C.
Christianization of the Franks
The Christianization of the Franks was the process by which the Frankish peoples, beginning notably with the baptism of King Clovis I around 496, converted to Christianity and helped establish the religious foundation of the medieval Frankish and later French kingdoms.
-
D.
Frankish expansion into Aquitaine
Frankish expansion into Aquitaine was the early 6th-century campaign by the Frankish kingdom, under Clovis I, to conquer and absorb the Visigothic-controlled region of Aquitaine into its growing realm.
-
E.
Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d6aa895f4c8190887a15460ef622f4 |
completed | April 8, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d7719a27488190b0b723cd0aba40bd |
completed | April 9, 2026, 9:30 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69e2d790df108190b4a3a6fece372778 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 1 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69e2ff1ffb8c8190ba97f3c2e3c8c601 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 3:48 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69e3261cc4f48190ba0e5645f37cd4b5 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 6:35 a.m. |
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:24 p.m.