Triple

T10971330
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Capitulary for Saxony E259241 entity
Predicate associatedWith P37 FINISHED
Object Carolingian expansion
Carolingian expansion was the period of territorial and political growth of the Frankish Empire under the Carolingian dynasty, marked by military conquest, Christianization, and administrative consolidation across Western and Central Europe.
E897503 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Carolingian expansion | Statement: [Capitulary for Saxony, associatedWith, Carolingian expansion]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian expansion
Context triple: [Capitulary for Saxony, associatedWith, Carolingian expansion]
  • A. Merovingian expansion
    Merovingian expansion refers to the territorial and political growth of the early Frankish Merovingian dynasty across Western Europe during the early Middle Ages.
  • B. Carolingian fragmentation
    Carolingian fragmentation refers to the political and territorial breakup of the Carolingian Empire into smaller, semi-independent realms and lordships following the decline of centralized imperial authority in the 9th and 10th centuries.
  • C. Christianization of the Franks
    The Christianization of the Franks was the process by which the Frankish peoples, beginning notably with the baptism of King Clovis I around 496, converted to Christianity and helped establish the religious foundation of the medieval Frankish and later French kingdoms.
  • D. Frankish expansion into Aquitaine
    Frankish expansion into Aquitaine was the early 6th-century campaign by the Frankish kingdom, under Clovis I, to conquer and absorb the Visigothic-controlled region of Aquitaine into its growing realm.
  • E. Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
    The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Carolingian expansion
Triple: [Capitulary for Saxony, associatedWith, Carolingian expansion]
Generated description
Carolingian expansion was the period of territorial and political growth of the Frankish Empire under the Carolingian dynasty, marked by military conquest, Christianization, and administrative consolidation across Western and Central Europe.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian expansion
Target entity description: Carolingian expansion was the period of territorial and political growth of the Frankish Empire under the Carolingian dynasty, marked by military conquest, Christianization, and administrative consolidation across Western and Central Europe.
  • A. Merovingian expansion
    Merovingian expansion refers to the territorial and political growth of the early Frankish Merovingian dynasty across Western Europe during the early Middle Ages.
  • B. Carolingian fragmentation
    Carolingian fragmentation refers to the political and territorial breakup of the Carolingian Empire into smaller, semi-independent realms and lordships following the decline of centralized imperial authority in the 9th and 10th centuries.
  • C. Christianization of the Franks
    The Christianization of the Franks was the process by which the Frankish peoples, beginning notably with the baptism of King Clovis I around 496, converted to Christianity and helped establish the religious foundation of the medieval Frankish and later French kingdoms.
  • D. Frankish expansion into Aquitaine
    Frankish expansion into Aquitaine was the early 6th-century campaign by the Frankish kingdom, under Clovis I, to conquer and absorb the Visigothic-controlled region of Aquitaine into its growing realm.
  • E. Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
    The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aa895f4c8190887a15460ef622f4 completed April 8, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d7719a27488190b0b723cd0aba40bd completed April 9, 2026, 9:30 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e2d790df108190b4a3a6fece372778 completed April 18, 2026, 1 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e2ff1ffb8c8190ba97f3c2e3c8c601 completed April 18, 2026, 3:48 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e3261cc4f48190ba0e5645f37cd4b5 completed April 18, 2026, 6:35 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:24 p.m.