Triple

T10807540
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Meghnad Saha E255006 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object "On Ionization in the Solar Chromosphere" E255010 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: "On Ionization in the Solar Chromosphere" | Statement: [Meghnad Saha, notableWork, "On Ionization in the Solar Chromosphere"]

Disambiguation candidates (1 decision)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: "On Ionization in the Solar Chromosphere"
Context triple: [Meghnad Saha, notableWork, "On Ionization in the Solar Chromosphere"]
  • A. "On Ionization in the Solar Chromosphere" chosen
    "On Ionization in the Solar Chromosphere" is the seminal 1920 paper by Meghnad Saha that introduced the Saha ionization equation, fundamentally explaining the ionization states of elements in stellar atmospheres.
  • B. Stellar Atmospheres, A Contribution to the Observational Study of High Temperature in the Reversing Layers of Stars
    "Stellar Atmospheres, A Contribution to the Observational Study of High Temperature in the Reversing Layers of Stars" is the groundbreaking 1925 doctoral thesis in which Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin demonstrated that stars are composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, fundamentally transforming astrophysics.
  • C. Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun
    Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun is a suite of scientific instruments aboard NASA’s Parker Solar Probe designed to study energetic particles and their role in solar and heliospheric processes.
  • D. Recherches sur le spectre solaire
    Recherches sur le spectre solaire is a foundational 19th-century scientific work by Anders Jonas Ångström that systematically analyzed the solar spectrum and advanced the study of spectroscopy.
  • E. Saha ionization equation
    The Saha ionization equation is a fundamental formula in astrophysics and plasma physics that relates the ionization state of a gas in thermal equilibrium to its temperature and pressure, crucial for understanding stellar atmospheres and spectra.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69d6aa61c15c8190a1839550c56e75e1 elicitation completed
NER batch_69d733b506488190921e6a1f4168dd9e ner completed
NED1 batch_69de8513fe0881909d6833c85aac03a8 ned_source_triple completed
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:18 p.m.