Triple

T10736314
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Toledo School of Translators E253203 entity
Predicate employedScholar P38510 FINISHED
Object Gerard of Cremona
Gerard of Cremona was a 12th-century Italian translator renowned for rendering numerous major scientific and philosophical works from Arabic into Latin, greatly influencing medieval European scholarship.
E883614 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gerard of Cremona | Statement: [Toledo School of Translators, employedScholar, Gerard of Cremona]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gerard of Cremona
Context triple: [Toledo School of Translators, employedScholar, Gerard of Cremona]
  • A. Adelard of Bath
    Adelard of Bath was a 12th-century English scholar and early pioneer in transmitting Arabic and Greek scientific and philosophical knowledge, including mathematics and astronomy, to medieval Europe through his influential Latin translations.
  • B. Samuel ibn Tibbon
    Samuel ibn Tibbon was a medieval Jewish philosopher and translator best known for rendering Maimonides’ works, especially the Guide for the Perplexed, from Arabic into Hebrew, thereby shaping Jewish intellectual history.
  • C. Gersonides
    Gersonides was a medieval Jewish philosopher, Talmudist, mathematician, and astronomer known for his rationalist biblical commentaries and major philosophical work "The Wars of the Lord."
  • D. Al-Zarqali
    Al-Zarqali was an influential 11th-century Andalusian astronomer and instrument maker whose precise observations and innovations, including improved astrolabes and solar tables, significantly shaped Islamic and later European astronomy.
  • E. Campanus of Novara
    Campanus of Novara was a 13th-century Italian mathematician and astronomer best known for producing one of the most influential medieval Latin editions of Euclid’s Elements.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gerard of Cremona
Triple: [Toledo School of Translators, employedScholar, Gerard of Cremona]
Generated description
Gerard of Cremona was a 12th-century Italian translator renowned for rendering numerous major scientific and philosophical works from Arabic into Latin, greatly influencing medieval European scholarship.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gerard of Cremona
Target entity description: Gerard of Cremona was a 12th-century Italian translator renowned for rendering numerous major scientific and philosophical works from Arabic into Latin, greatly influencing medieval European scholarship.
  • A. Adelard of Bath
    Adelard of Bath was a 12th-century English scholar and early pioneer in transmitting Arabic and Greek scientific and philosophical knowledge, including mathematics and astronomy, to medieval Europe through his influential Latin translations.
  • B. Samuel ibn Tibbon
    Samuel ibn Tibbon was a medieval Jewish philosopher and translator best known for rendering Maimonides’ works, especially the Guide for the Perplexed, from Arabic into Hebrew, thereby shaping Jewish intellectual history.
  • C. Gersonides
    Gersonides was a medieval Jewish philosopher, Talmudist, mathematician, and astronomer known for his rationalist biblical commentaries and major philosophical work "The Wars of the Lord."
  • D. Al-Zarqali
    Al-Zarqali was an influential 11th-century Andalusian astronomer and instrument maker whose precise observations and innovations, including improved astrolabes and solar tables, significantly shaped Islamic and later European astronomy.
  • E. Campanus of Novara
    Campanus of Novara was a 13th-century Italian mathematician and astronomer best known for producing one of the most influential medieval Latin editions of Euclid’s Elements.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: employedScholar
Context triple: [Toledo School of Translators, employedScholar, Gerard of Cremona]
  • A. employedTo
    Indicates that one entity is hired or engaged to perform work, services, or duties for another entity.
  • B. employedThrough
    Indicates that an entity holds a job or work position by means of, or via the arrangement of, another entity (such as an agency, contractor, or intermediary).
  • C. employedPeople
    Indicates that there exists a relationship where people are currently working in jobs or positions, typically under an employer.
  • D. roleAtInstitution chosen
    Indicates that an entity holds or has held a specific role or position within a particular institution.
  • E. employedApproximately
    Indicates that one entity employs another in a manner where the number, duration, or extent of employment is approximate rather than exact.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aa5e51e8819095f06881cecf152e completed April 8, 2026, 7:19 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d71022aee0819091a5790d3dee6777 completed April 9, 2026, 2:34 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69de22cc4edc8190a7ab45e57ed94c47 completed April 14, 2026, 11:19 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69de271ca4f081908d78a20b25ebd25c completed April 14, 2026, 11:38 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69de2ccee0cc8190acd24d5c225f7cde completed April 14, 2026, 12:02 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69d6f309a44881908e49e3ba478c35b4 completed April 9, 2026, 12:30 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:14 p.m.