Triple

T10711800
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Paul Krugman E252554 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object New Economic Geography
New Economic Geography is a field of economics, pioneered by Paul Krugman, that explains how economic activity and population become geographically concentrated due to increasing returns, transportation costs, and market size effects.
E880996 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: New Economic Geography | Statement: [Paul Krugman, notableWork, New Economic Geography]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: New Economic Geography
Context triple: [Paul Krugman, notableWork, New Economic Geography]
  • A. Theory of the Location of Industries
    Theory of the Location of Industries is a foundational work in economic geography that develops a model explaining how firms choose industrial locations to minimize costs such as transportation, labor, and agglomeration.
  • B. Introduction to Modern Economic Growth
    Introduction to Modern Economic Growth is a comprehensive graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theory and empirics of long-run economic growth, with a strong emphasis on microfoundations and institutional factors.
  • C. “On the Mechanics of Economic Development”
    “On the Mechanics of Economic Development” is a seminal 1988 paper by economist Robert Lucas Jr. that helped found modern endogenous growth theory by explaining how human capital accumulation and externalities drive long-run economic growth.
  • D. Globalization, Economic Development and the Role of the State
    "Globalization, Economic Development and the Role of the State" is a scholarly work by economist Ha-Joon Chang that critically examines how state policies shape economic development within the context of globalisation.
  • E. Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy
    The Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy is a long-term strategic planning framework that guides coordinated land use, infrastructure investment, and economic development across the Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly area.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: New Economic Geography
Triple: [Paul Krugman, notableWork, New Economic Geography]
Generated description
New Economic Geography is a field of economics, pioneered by Paul Krugman, that explains how economic activity and population become geographically concentrated due to increasing returns, transportation costs, and market size effects.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: New Economic Geography
Target entity description: New Economic Geography is a field of economics, pioneered by Paul Krugman, that explains how economic activity and population become geographically concentrated due to increasing returns, transportation costs, and market size effects.
  • A. Theory of the Location of Industries
    Theory of the Location of Industries is a foundational work in economic geography that develops a model explaining how firms choose industrial locations to minimize costs such as transportation, labor, and agglomeration.
  • B. Introduction to Modern Economic Growth
    Introduction to Modern Economic Growth is a comprehensive graduate-level textbook that rigorously develops the theory and empirics of long-run economic growth, with a strong emphasis on microfoundations and institutional factors.
  • C. “On the Mechanics of Economic Development”
    “On the Mechanics of Economic Development” is a seminal 1988 paper by economist Robert Lucas Jr. that helped found modern endogenous growth theory by explaining how human capital accumulation and externalities drive long-run economic growth.
  • D. Globalization, Economic Development and the Role of the State
    "Globalization, Economic Development and the Role of the State" is a scholarly work by economist Ha-Joon Chang that critically examines how state policies shape economic development within the context of globalisation.
  • E. Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy
    The Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy is a long-term strategic planning framework that guides coordinated land use, infrastructure investment, and economic development across the Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly area.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aa5cbabc8190973e683950d89faf completed April 8, 2026, 7:19 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d6fe533ec081909eafab85f6f6d6b9 completed April 9, 2026, 1:18 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d99917df2c819099be2a9b9c4a2ce7 completed April 11, 2026, 12:43 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d99e8632688190b3746649a124ca09 completed April 11, 2026, 1:06 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69dadccd1d7081908ae53b97d2c2a6cb completed April 11, 2026, 11:44 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:13 p.m.