Triple

T1071032
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Houghton Mifflin E23328 entity
Predicate predecessor P97 FINISHED
Object Hurd & Houghton
Hurd & Houghton was a 19th-century American publishing firm that became part of the lineage leading to the modern educational and trade publisher Houghton Mifflin.
 E124157 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hurd & Houghton | Statement: [Houghton Mifflin, predecessor, Hurd & Houghton]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Hurd & Houghton
Context triple: [Houghton Mifflin, predecessor, Hurd & Houghton]
  • A. Hogan & Hartson
    Hogan & Hartson was a prominent Washington, D.C.–based international law firm known for its appellate, regulatory, and public policy work before merging to form Hogan Lovells.
  • B. Kivett & Myers
    Kivett & Myers was an American architectural firm best known for designing major sports venues, including Arrowhead Stadium in Kansas City.
  • C. Houlston and Wright
    Houlston and Wright was a 19th-century British publishing firm known for producing popular household and reference works.
  • D. Mathers and Haldenby
    Mathers and Haldenby was a prominent Canadian architectural firm known for designing significant public and institutional buildings in the 20th century.
  • E. Rogers & Wells
    Rogers & Wells was a prominent New York-based law firm known for its corporate and international legal practice before merging into Clifford Chance in 2000.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Hurd & Houghton
Triple: [Houghton Mifflin, predecessor, Hurd & Houghton]
Generated description
Hurd & Houghton was a 19th-century American publishing firm that became part of the lineage leading to the modern educational and trade publisher Houghton Mifflin.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Hurd & Houghton
Target entity description: Hurd & Houghton was a 19th-century American publishing firm that became part of the lineage leading to the modern educational and trade publisher Houghton Mifflin.
  • A. Hogan & Hartson
    Hogan & Hartson was a prominent Washington, D.C.–based international law firm known for its appellate, regulatory, and public policy work before merging to form Hogan Lovells.
  • B. Kivett & Myers
    Kivett & Myers was an American architectural firm best known for designing major sports venues, including Arrowhead Stadium in Kansas City.
  • C. Houlston and Wright
    Houlston and Wright was a 19th-century British publishing firm known for producing popular household and reference works.
  • D. Mathers and Haldenby
    Mathers and Haldenby was a prominent Canadian architectural firm known for designing significant public and institutional buildings in the 20th century.
  • E. Rogers & Wells
    Rogers & Wells was a prominent New York-based law firm known for its corporate and international legal practice before merging into Clifford Chance in 2000.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a493ee1f908190992b5f0d1b04459b completed March 1, 2026, 7:30 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4b92848148190ba8795cb8d0a1d0a completed March 1, 2026, 10:09 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac42a70ab88190ba0f0a62b19af871 completed March 7, 2026, 3:22 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac438772f08190a47a1fbbda306b8a completed March 7, 2026, 3:25 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac4413c7488190b6d5edc5884f6e61 completed March 7, 2026, 3:28 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:42 p.m.