Triple

T10517542

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	Airworthiness Directives	`E248072`	entity
Predicate	isIssuedBy	`P29`	FINISHED
Object	Civil aviation authorities Civil aviation authorities are national or regional government agencies responsible for regulating and overseeing civil air transport, including setting safety standards, certifying aircraft and personnel, and enforcing aviation regulations.	`E868443`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Civil aviation authorities | Statement: [Airworthiness Directives, isIssuedBy, Civil aviation authorities]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Civil aviation authorities
Context triple: [Airworthiness Directives, isIssuedBy, Civil aviation authorities]

A. Directorate General of Civil Aviation
The Directorate General of Civil Aviation is India’s national civil aviation authority responsible for regulating air transport services, enforcing aviation safety standards, and overseeing aircraft and pilot certification.
B. General Authority of Civil Aviation
The General Authority of Civil Aviation is the national regulatory body responsible for overseeing and managing civil aviation activities, safety, and infrastructure within its country.
C. Civil Aviation Safety Authority
The Civil Aviation Safety Authority is Australia’s national aviation regulator responsible for overseeing civil aviation safety standards and compliance.
D. Civil Aeronautics Board
The Civil Aeronautics Board was a former U.S. federal agency responsible for regulating airline routes, fares, and accident investigations before its key functions were reassigned and it was ultimately dissolved.
E. General Civil Aviation Authority
The General Civil Aviation Authority is the federal body responsible for regulating and overseeing civil aviation safety, security, and airspace management in the United Arab Emirates.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Civil aviation authorities
Triple: [Airworthiness Directives, isIssuedBy, Civil aviation authorities]

Generated description

Civil aviation authorities are national or regional government agencies responsible for regulating and overseeing civil air transport, including setting safety standards, certifying aircraft and personnel, and enforcing aviation regulations.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Civil aviation authorities
Target entity description: Civil aviation authorities are national or regional government agencies responsible for regulating and overseeing civil air transport, including setting safety standards, certifying aircraft and personnel, and enforcing aviation regulations.

A. Directorate General of Civil Aviation
The Directorate General of Civil Aviation is India’s national civil aviation authority responsible for regulating air transport services, enforcing aviation safety standards, and overseeing aircraft and pilot certification.
B. General Authority of Civil Aviation
The General Authority of Civil Aviation is the national regulatory body responsible for overseeing and managing civil aviation activities, safety, and infrastructure within its country.
C. Civil Aviation Safety Authority
The Civil Aviation Safety Authority is Australia’s national aviation regulator responsible for overseeing civil aviation safety standards and compliance.
D. Civil Aeronautics Board
The Civil Aeronautics Board was a former U.S. federal agency responsible for regulating airline routes, fares, and accident investigations before its key functions were reassigned and it was ultimately dissolved.
E. General Civil Aviation Authority
The General Civil Aviation Authority is the federal body responsible for regulating and overseeing civil aviation safety, security, and airspace management in the United Arab Emirates.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69d381c4aa948190942e1d803143fb0e`	completed	April 6, 2026, 9:49 a.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69d509cd0fb8819087de2f9a93bad6e6`	completed	April 7, 2026, 1:42 p.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69d90dfbd364819087c70d3b3580eb7a`	completed	April 10, 2026, 2:49 p.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69d9107dc8448190998c4044f68a775e`	completed	April 10, 2026, 3 p.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69d911e7d2dc8190a67b2513607fdf98`	completed	April 10, 2026, 3:06 p.m.

Created at: April 6, 2026, 12:28 p.m.