Triple

T10430589
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Direct Tax Clause of the United States Constitution E245901 entity
Predicate interpretedInCase P2252 FINISHED
Object Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. E349807 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. | Statement: [Direct Tax Clause of the United States Constitution, interpretedInCase, Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.
Context triple: [Direct Tax Clause of the United States Constitution, interpretedInCase, Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co.]
  • A. Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. chosen
    Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. is a 1916 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the federal income tax and clarified the scope and constitutionality of the Sixteenth Amendment.
  • B. Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins
    Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins is a landmark 1938 U.S. Supreme Court decision that ended the practice of federal general common law and required federal courts in diversity cases to apply state substantive law.
  • C. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago
    Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago is an 1897 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked a key step in applying federal constitutional protections—particularly just compensation for takings—to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • D. National Railroad Passenger Corp. v. Morgan
    National Railroad Passenger Corp. v. Morgan is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court decision that clarified the time limits for filing employment discrimination claims, distinguishing between discrete acts and continuing violations under Title VII.
  • E. Railway Express Agency v. New York
    Railway Express Agency v. New York is a 1949 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a New York City traffic regulation restricting advertising on vehicles against an Equal Protection Clause challenge.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d381bf3dc08190bf35a2643e4e8f22 completed April 6, 2026, 9:49 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d4ea62d6448190a7f5b785467824cf completed April 7, 2026, 11:28 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d87eb068bc8190be9c7c916850278e completed April 10, 2026, 4:38 a.m.
Created at: April 6, 2026, 12:13 p.m.