Triple

T10370494
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Velleius Paterculus E244369 entity
Predicate praetorshipColleague P93624 FINISHED
Object Gaius Caecilius Rufus
Gaius Caecilius Rufus was a Roman senator and magistrate who served alongside the historian Velleius Paterculus during his praetorship in the early 1st century AD.
E882353 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gaius Caecilius Rufus | Statement: [Velleius Paterculus, praetorshipColleague, Gaius Caecilius Rufus]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gaius Caecilius Rufus
Context triple: [Velleius Paterculus, praetorshipColleague, Gaius Caecilius Rufus]
  • A. Gaius Caecilius
    Gaius Caecilius, better known as Pliny the Younger, was a Roman lawyer, author, and magistrate whose letters provide a key eyewitness account of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius and valuable insight into Roman imperial society.
  • B. Publius Sulpicius Rufus
    Publius Sulpicius Rufus was a prominent Roman orator and politician of the late Republic, known for his eloquence and his role as tribune of the plebs during the turbulent years preceding Sulla’s dictatorship.
  • C. Gaius Aurelius Cotta
    Gaius Aurelius Cotta was a Roman statesman and consul of the 3rd century BC, noted for his role in Roman politics and military affairs.
  • D. Octavii Rufi
    The Octavii Rufi were a prominent branch of the plebeian Roman gens Octavia, known for producing influential politicians during the late Roman Republic.
  • E. Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura
    Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura was a Roman senator and conspirator best known as one of the leading figures in the Catilinarian conspiracy against the late Roman Republic.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gaius Caecilius Rufus
Triple: [Velleius Paterculus, praetorshipColleague, Gaius Caecilius Rufus]
Generated description
Gaius Caecilius Rufus was a Roman senator and magistrate who served alongside the historian Velleius Paterculus during his praetorship in the early 1st century AD.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gaius Caecilius Rufus
Target entity description: Gaius Caecilius Rufus was a Roman senator and magistrate who served alongside the historian Velleius Paterculus during his praetorship in the early 1st century AD.
  • A. Gaius Caecilius
    Gaius Caecilius, better known as Pliny the Younger, was a Roman lawyer, author, and magistrate whose letters provide a key eyewitness account of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius and valuable insight into Roman imperial society.
  • B. Publius Sulpicius Rufus
    Publius Sulpicius Rufus was a prominent Roman orator and politician of the late Republic, known for his eloquence and his role as tribune of the plebs during the turbulent years preceding Sulla’s dictatorship.
  • C. Gaius Aurelius Cotta
    Gaius Aurelius Cotta was a Roman statesman and consul of the 3rd century BC, noted for his role in Roman politics and military affairs.
  • D. Octavii Rufi
    The Octavii Rufi were a prominent branch of the plebeian Roman gens Octavia, known for producing influential politicians during the late Roman Republic.
  • E. Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura
    Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura was a Roman senator and conspirator best known as one of the leading figures in the Catilinarian conspiracy against the late Roman Republic.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: praetorshipColleague
Context triple: [Velleius Paterculus, praetorshipColleague, Gaius Caecilius Rufus]
  • A. imperialColleague
    Indicates a professional peer or coworker relationship between individuals within an imperial or empire-related context.
  • B. praetorianPrefect
    Indicates a relationship where a person holds or is associated with the office or role of praetorian prefect.
  • C. numberForPraetor
    Indicates that an entity is assigned or associated with a specific numerical designation in the context of a praetor.
  • D. predecessorAsCaesarOfTheEast
    Indicates that one entity previously held the position of Caesar of the East immediately before the other entity in an official succession.
  • E. RomanRepresentative
    Indicates that one entity serves as an official representative or agent of the Roman state, authority, or interests in relation to another entity.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (7 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d381b3e328819094b23b8edcd29b5a completed April 6, 2026, 9:49 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d4e9737cfc81909d6302bd4177d186 completed April 7, 2026, 11:24 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69dbd93b506c8190bbff63903770355a completed April 12, 2026, 5:41 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69dcad07b51081908fd66ee9ff7341f6 completed April 13, 2026, 8:44 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69dd4386e3308190bb8503ce75fa628f completed April 13, 2026, 7:27 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69d4dface5508190a7b42f01ad0a19a2 completed April 7, 2026, 10:42 a.m.
PDg Predicate description generation batch_69d4e944fac4819093b0312aa0efd729 completed April 7, 2026, 11:23 a.m.
Created at: April 6, 2026, 12:01 p.m.