Triple

T10152164

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	Graham C. Goodwin	`E232670`	entity
Predicate	notableWork	`P4`	FINISHED
Object	Constrained Control and Estimation "Constrained Control and Estimation" is a technical book that develops theory and methods for designing control and estimation systems subject to practical constraints, widely used in advanced control engineering and research.	`E843470`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Constrained Control and Estimation | Statement: [Graham C. Goodwin, notableWork, Constrained Control and Estimation]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Constrained Control and Estimation
Context triple: [Graham C. Goodwin, notableWork, Constrained Control and Estimation]

A. Sampled-Data Control Systems
Sampled-Data Control Systems is a foundational work in control theory that systematically develops the analysis and design of systems combining continuous-time dynamics with discrete-time sampling.
B. Nonlinear Control Systems
Nonlinear Control Systems is a foundational textbook by Alberto Isidori that systematically develops the theory and design methods for controlling nonlinear dynamical systems.
C. Linear Matrix Inequalities in System and Control Theory
"Linear Matrix Inequalities in System and Control Theory" is a foundational monograph that systematically develops the theory and applications of linear matrix inequalities for analysis and design in modern control engineering.
D. Introduction to Stochastic Control Theory
Introduction to Stochastic Control Theory is a foundational textbook that systematically develops the theory and methods for controlling dynamical systems under uncertainty using probabilistic and stochastic-process tools.
E. Quantitative Feedback Theory
Quantitative Feedback Theory is a robust control design methodology that uses frequency-domain techniques and quantitative bounds to ensure system performance and stability under uncertainty.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Constrained Control and Estimation
Triple: [Graham C. Goodwin, notableWork, Constrained Control and Estimation]

Generated description

"Constrained Control and Estimation" is a technical book that develops theory and methods for designing control and estimation systems subject to practical constraints, widely used in advanced control engineering and research.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Constrained Control and Estimation
Target entity description: "Constrained Control and Estimation" is a technical book that develops theory and methods for designing control and estimation systems subject to practical constraints, widely used in advanced control engineering and research.

A. Sampled-Data Control Systems
Sampled-Data Control Systems is a foundational work in control theory that systematically develops the analysis and design of systems combining continuous-time dynamics with discrete-time sampling.
B. Nonlinear Control Systems
Nonlinear Control Systems is a foundational textbook by Alberto Isidori that systematically develops the theory and design methods for controlling nonlinear dynamical systems.
C. Linear Matrix Inequalities in System and Control Theory
"Linear Matrix Inequalities in System and Control Theory" is a foundational monograph that systematically develops the theory and applications of linear matrix inequalities for analysis and design in modern control engineering.
D. Introduction to Stochastic Control Theory
Introduction to Stochastic Control Theory is a foundational textbook that systematically develops the theory and methods for controlling dynamical systems under uncertainty using probabilistic and stochastic-process tools.
E. Quantitative Feedback Theory
Quantitative Feedback Theory is a robust control design methodology that uses frequency-domain techniques and quantitative bounds to ensure system performance and stability under uncertainty.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69ca84885e48819088a31b127cf44904`	completed	March 30, 2026, 2:11 p.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69cdec361c7c8190b8fd841d728d5bbe`	completed	April 2, 2026, 4:10 a.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69d2e64b5a40819093f29ec34cb0a763`	completed	April 5, 2026, 10:46 p.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69d2e7408e58819083c43e334a87a09f`	completed	April 5, 2026, 10:50 p.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69d2e7b854d08190ac2af642970b7f09`	completed	April 5, 2026, 10:52 p.m.

Created at: March 30, 2026, 9:08 p.m.