Triple
T10147723
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Bardeen potential |
E231746
|
entity |
| Predicate | usedToAnalyze |
P170
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Sachs–Wolfe effect
The Sachs–Wolfe effect is a cosmological phenomenon in which gravitational potential fluctuations imprint temperature anisotropies on the cosmic microwave background radiation, especially on large angular scales.
|
E844092
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Sachs–Wolfe effect | Statement: [Bardeen potential, usedToAnalyze, Sachs–Wolfe effect]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sachs–Wolfe effect Context triple: [Bardeen potential, usedToAnalyze, Sachs–Wolfe effect]
-
A.
Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect
The Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect is a distortion of the cosmic microwave background radiation caused by high-energy electrons in galaxy clusters, used as a powerful probe of large-scale structure and cosmology.
-
B.
cosmic microwave background
The cosmic microwave background is the faint, nearly uniform afterglow radiation permeating the universe, providing a snapshot of the cosmos about 380,000 years after the Big Bang.
-
C.
Gamow factor
The Gamow factor is a quantum mechanical tunneling probability term that quantifies the likelihood of charged particles overcoming their mutual Coulomb barrier, especially in nuclear fusion processes.
-
D.
Lemaître–Hubble law
The Lemaître–Hubble law is the fundamental cosmological relation that expresses the proportionality between a galaxy’s recessional velocity and its distance, providing the first observational evidence for the expansion of the universe.
-
E.
Zeldovich approximation
The Zeldovich approximation is a cosmological model that provides a simple, first-order description of the growth of large-scale structure in the universe by tracking how matter elements move under gravity from initially small density perturbations.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Sachs–Wolfe effect Triple: [Bardeen potential, usedToAnalyze, Sachs–Wolfe effect]
Generated description
The Sachs–Wolfe effect is a cosmological phenomenon in which gravitational potential fluctuations imprint temperature anisotropies on the cosmic microwave background radiation, especially on large angular scales.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sachs–Wolfe effect Target entity description: The Sachs–Wolfe effect is a cosmological phenomenon in which gravitational potential fluctuations imprint temperature anisotropies on the cosmic microwave background radiation, especially on large angular scales.
-
A.
Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect
The Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect is a distortion of the cosmic microwave background radiation caused by high-energy electrons in galaxy clusters, used as a powerful probe of large-scale structure and cosmology.
-
B.
cosmic microwave background
The cosmic microwave background is the faint, nearly uniform afterglow radiation permeating the universe, providing a snapshot of the cosmos about 380,000 years after the Big Bang.
-
C.
Gamow factor
The Gamow factor is a quantum mechanical tunneling probability term that quantifies the likelihood of charged particles overcoming their mutual Coulomb barrier, especially in nuclear fusion processes.
-
D.
Lemaître–Hubble law
The Lemaître–Hubble law is the fundamental cosmological relation that expresses the proportionality between a galaxy’s recessional velocity and its distance, providing the first observational evidence for the expansion of the universe.
-
E.
Zeldovich approximation
The Zeldovich approximation is a cosmological model that provides a simple, first-order description of the growth of large-scale structure in the universe by tracking how matter elements move under gravity from initially small density perturbations.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca848364f881908a24366a6feec1db |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:11 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cdec011c24819089b456fc8b9ed80c |
completed | April 2, 2026, 4:09 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69d2e62c1984819095fcb239f11731b4 |
completed | April 5, 2026, 10:46 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69d2e73fd6988190a338a9e49dc3671b |
completed | April 5, 2026, 10:50 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69d2e8c9058c8190bfa5720397331fa1 |
completed | April 5, 2026, 10:57 p.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 9:07 p.m.