Triple

T1013317
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Oded Goldreich E21871 entity
Predicate authorOf P4244 FINISHED
Object P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
"P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
E123824 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory | Statement: [Oded Goldreich, authorOf, P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
Context triple: [Oded Goldreich, authorOf, P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory]
  • A. Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective
    Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective is a graduate-level textbook that presents the foundations and key themes of computational complexity theory with an emphasis on conceptual understanding over technical detail.
  • B. Blum complexity measures
    Blum complexity measures are a formal framework in computational complexity theory that rigorously define and compare the resource usage (such as time or space) of algorithms via axiomatic conditions.
  • C. Introduction to the Theory of Computation
    Introduction to the Theory of Computation is a widely used textbook in theoretical computer science that covers formal languages, automata, computability, and complexity theory.
  • D. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • E. The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems
    "The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced the notion of zero-knowledge proofs, fundamentally shaping modern cryptography and complexity theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
Triple: [Oded Goldreich, authorOf, P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory]
Generated description
"P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
Target entity description: "P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
  • A. Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective
    Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective is a graduate-level textbook that presents the foundations and key themes of computational complexity theory with an emphasis on conceptual understanding over technical detail.
  • B. Blum complexity measures
    Blum complexity measures are a formal framework in computational complexity theory that rigorously define and compare the resource usage (such as time or space) of algorithms via axiomatic conditions.
  • C. Introduction to the Theory of Computation
    Introduction to the Theory of Computation is a widely used textbook in theoretical computer science that covers formal languages, automata, computability, and complexity theory.
  • D. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • E. The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems
    "The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced the notion of zero-knowledge proofs, fundamentally shaping modern cryptography and complexity theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a493c68e24819080ed0ee8bcfd5ce0 completed March 1, 2026, 7:30 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4b7a8b254819089ffed9cb62a6930 completed March 1, 2026, 10:03 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac429016088190bf06c7327471d3d3 completed March 7, 2026, 3:21 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac4311f7f08190ae86aacb7f2103d7 completed March 7, 2026, 3:24 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac43891ed88190a5b8b51341e98929 completed March 7, 2026, 3:26 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:41 p.m.