Triple

T1013316
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Oded Goldreich E21871 entity
Predicate authorOf P4244 FINISHED
Object Introduction to Property Testing
Introduction to Property Testing is a foundational textbook that systematically develops the theory, techniques, and applications of property testing in theoretical computer science.
E122537 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Introduction to Property Testing | Statement: [Oded Goldreich, authorOf, Introduction to Property Testing]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Introduction to Property Testing
Context triple: [Oded Goldreich, authorOf, Introduction to Property Testing]
  • A. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • B. Randomness and Computation
    "Randomness and Computation" is Shafi Goldwasser's influential doctoral thesis that helped lay the foundations of modern complexity theory and cryptography by rigorously exploring the role of randomness in efficient computation.
  • C. Blum complexity measures
    Blum complexity measures are a formal framework in computational complexity theory that rigorously define and compare the resource usage (such as time or space) of algorithms via axiomatic conditions.
  • D. The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems
    "The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced the notion of zero-knowledge proofs, fundamentally shaping modern cryptography and complexity theory.
  • E. PCP theorem
    The PCP theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory stating that every problem in NP has probabilistically checkable proofs that can be verified by examining only a constant number of bits, with major implications for the hardness of approximation.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Introduction to Property Testing
Triple: [Oded Goldreich, authorOf, Introduction to Property Testing]
Generated description
Introduction to Property Testing is a foundational textbook that systematically develops the theory, techniques, and applications of property testing in theoretical computer science.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Introduction to Property Testing
Target entity description: Introduction to Property Testing is a foundational textbook that systematically develops the theory, techniques, and applications of property testing in theoretical computer science.
  • A. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • B. Randomness and Computation
    "Randomness and Computation" is Shafi Goldwasser's influential doctoral thesis that helped lay the foundations of modern complexity theory and cryptography by rigorously exploring the role of randomness in efficient computation.
  • C. Blum complexity measures
    Blum complexity measures are a formal framework in computational complexity theory that rigorously define and compare the resource usage (such as time or space) of algorithms via axiomatic conditions.
  • D. The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems
    "The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced the notion of zero-knowledge proofs, fundamentally shaping modern cryptography and complexity theory.
  • E. PCP theorem
    The PCP theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory stating that every problem in NP has probabilistically checkable proofs that can be verified by examining only a constant number of bits, with major implications for the hardness of approximation.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a493c68e24819080ed0ee8bcfd5ce0 completed March 1, 2026, 7:30 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4b7a8b254819089ffed9cb62a6930 completed March 1, 2026, 10:03 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac3bad654c81909dd59211fafa8b2c completed March 7, 2026, 2:52 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac3c41ab70819090084c508dbfd295 completed March 7, 2026, 2:54 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac3cbb30d081909759df25c21eb275 completed March 7, 2026, 2:56 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:41 p.m.