Triple

T10061995
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hilbert’s twelfth problem E213012 entity
Predicate partiallySolvedFor P78876 FINISHED
Object CM fields
CM fields are a special class of number fields with complex multiplication structure that play a central role in algebraic number theory and the explicit class field theory envisioned by Hilbert’s twelfth problem.
E839484 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: CM fields | Statement: [Hilbert’s twelfth problem, partiallySolvedFor, CM fields]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: CM fields
Context triple: [Hilbert’s twelfth problem, partiallySolvedFor, CM fields]
  • A. Levine-Fricke Field
    Levine-Fricke Field is the home softball stadium of the University of California, Berkeley Golden Bears, located on the university’s campus in Berkeley, California.
  • B. cyclotomic fields
    Cyclotomic fields are number fields obtained by adjoining complex roots of unity to the rationals, playing a central role in algebraic number theory and classical geometric constructibility.
  • C. Algebraic Groups and Class Fields
    "Algebraic Groups and Class Fields" is a influential mathematical monograph that develops the deep connections between algebraic group theory and class field theory within number theory and arithmetic geometry.
  • D. global class field theory
    Global class field theory is a branch of algebraic number theory that classifies finite abelian extensions of global fields (such as number fields) in terms of their arithmetic data, particularly via idele class groups and reciprocity maps.
  • E. Kummer theory
    Kummer theory is a branch of algebraic number theory that studies abelian extensions of fields, especially cyclotomic and radical extensions, using properties of roots of unity and ideal class groups.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: CM fields
Triple: [Hilbert’s twelfth problem, partiallySolvedFor, CM fields]
Generated description
CM fields are a special class of number fields with complex multiplication structure that play a central role in algebraic number theory and the explicit class field theory envisioned by Hilbert’s twelfth problem.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: CM fields
Target entity description: CM fields are a special class of number fields with complex multiplication structure that play a central role in algebraic number theory and the explicit class field theory envisioned by Hilbert’s twelfth problem.
  • A. Levine-Fricke Field
    Levine-Fricke Field is the home softball stadium of the University of California, Berkeley Golden Bears, located on the university’s campus in Berkeley, California.
  • B. cyclotomic fields
    Cyclotomic fields are number fields obtained by adjoining complex roots of unity to the rationals, playing a central role in algebraic number theory and classical geometric constructibility.
  • C. Algebraic Groups and Class Fields
    "Algebraic Groups and Class Fields" is a influential mathematical monograph that develops the deep connections between algebraic group theory and class field theory within number theory and arithmetic geometry.
  • D. global class field theory
    Global class field theory is a branch of algebraic number theory that classifies finite abelian extensions of global fields (such as number fields) in terms of their arithmetic data, particularly via idele class groups and reciprocity maps.
  • E. Kummer theory
    Kummer theory is a branch of algebraic number theory that studies abelian extensions of fields, especially cyclotomic and radical extensions, using properties of roots of unity and ideal class groups.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: partiallySolvedFor
Context triple: [Hilbert’s twelfth problem, partiallySolvedFor, CM fields]
  • A. partiallyProvenFor chosen
    Indicates that something has been shown to hold or be true for part of a domain or set of cases, but not yet for all cases.
  • B. providesSolutionFor
    Indicates that one entity offers or supplies a remedy, answer, or resolution to a problem, need, or issue associated with another entity.
  • C. solved
    Indicates that one entity has successfully found a solution or answer to a problem, task, or challenge involving another entity.
  • D. commonlySolvedBy
    Indicates that a problem, task, or issue is typically addressed or resolved through a particular method, tool, or agent.
  • E. partiallyCompleted
    Indicates that an action, process, or task has been started and progressed to some extent, but has not yet been fully completed.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca83977128819084084eb7d1d8c52a completed March 30, 2026, 2:07 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cdcfd3c6bc8190a21ed3566f9c08d1 completed April 2, 2026, 2:09 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d29a717f008190907089e1acb32361 completed April 5, 2026, 5:22 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d29b75634c819088c8ef750b1691d2 completed April 5, 2026, 5:27 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d29f5007f88190b0330d1a8c551905 completed April 5, 2026, 5:43 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69cd4b92573481909389bc6148ae7ea8 completed April 1, 2026, 4:45 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:58 p.m.