California spotted owl
E97145
The California spotted owl is a medium-sized, dark-eyed forest owl subspecies native to the mountainous conifer and mixed hardwood forests of California, where it serves as an indicator of old-growth ecosystem health.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| California spotted owl canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T817458 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: California spotted owl Context triple: [Sierra National Forest, containsSpecies, California spotted owl]
-
A.
California grizzly bear
The California grizzly bear is an extinct subspecies of brown bear that once roamed widely across California and now serves as a powerful symbol of the state’s wilderness and identity.
-
B.
California condor
The California condor is a critically endangered New World vulture and one of the largest flying birds in North America, known for its massive wingspan and intensive conservation and reintroduction efforts.
-
C.
Blakiston's fish owl
Blakiston's fish owl is a massive, endangered species of fish-eating owl native to northeastern Asia, known as one of the world's largest owl species and a specialist of riverine and old-growth forest habitats.
-
D.
Pollock Pines
Pollock Pines is a small mountain community in the Sierra Nevada region of California, known as a gateway to outdoor recreation near Lake Tahoe and the Eldorado National Forest.
-
E.
California red-legged frog
The California red-legged frog is a threatened amphibian native to California and the largest native frog in the western United States, known for its distinctive reddish hind legs and association with coastal and foothill habitats.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: California spotted owl Target entity description: The California spotted owl is a medium-sized, dark-eyed forest owl subspecies native to the mountainous conifer and mixed hardwood forests of California, where it serves as an indicator of old-growth ecosystem health.
-
A.
California grizzly bear
The California grizzly bear is an extinct subspecies of brown bear that once roamed widely across California and now serves as a powerful symbol of the state’s wilderness and identity.
-
B.
California condor
The California condor is a critically endangered New World vulture and one of the largest flying birds in North America, known for its massive wingspan and intensive conservation and reintroduction efforts.
-
C.
Blakiston's fish owl
Blakiston's fish owl is a massive, endangered species of fish-eating owl native to northeastern Asia, known as one of the world's largest owl species and a specialist of riverine and old-growth forest habitats.
-
D.
Pollock Pines
Pollock Pines is a small mountain community in the Sierra Nevada region of California, known as a gateway to outdoor recreation near Lake Tahoe and the Eldorado National Forest.
-
E.
California red-legged frog
The California red-legged frog is a threatened amphibian native to California and the largest native frog in the western United States, known for its distinctive reddish hind legs and association with coastal and foothill habitats.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bird subspecies
ⓘ
forest owl ⓘ spotted owl subspecies ⓘ |
| activityPattern | nocturnal ⓘ |
| breedingSite |
broken-topped snags
ⓘ
large trees ⓘ tree cavities ⓘ |
| class | Aves ⓘ |
| closelyRelatedTo |
Mexican spotted owl
ⓘ
northern spotted owl ⓘ |
| commonName | California spotted owl ⓘ |
| conservationStatus | at risk in parts of its range ⓘ |
| diet |
flying squirrels
ⓘ
small mammals ⓘ woodrats ⓘ |
| ecologicalRole | forest predator of small mammals ⓘ |
| eyeColor | dark brown ⓘ |
| family | Strigidae ⓘ |
| genus | Strix ⓘ |
| habitat |
late-successional forests
ⓘ
mixed conifer–hardwood forests ⓘ mountainous conifer forests ⓘ old-growth forests ⓘ |
| indicatorOf | old-growth ecosystem health ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| managementConcern | old-growth forest conservation in California ⓘ |
| morphologicalFeature |
brown plumage with white spots
ⓘ
dark eyes ⓘ rounded head without ear tufts ⓘ |
| nativeTo |
California, United States
ⓘ
surface form:
California
coastal ranges of California ⓘ southern Cascade Range in California ⓘ western Sierra Nevada ⓘ |
| order | Strigiformes ⓘ |
| parentTaxon | spotted owl ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| plumagePattern | spotted ⓘ |
| primaryThreat |
competition with barred owl
ⓘ
habitat fragmentation ⓘ habitat loss ⓘ logging of old-growth forests ⓘ wildfire ⓘ |
| rangeCountry |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| rangeState |
California, United States
ⓘ
surface form:
California
|
| relativeSize | medium-sized owl ⓘ |
| scientificName | Strix occidentalis occidentalis ⓘ |
| taxonRank | subspecies ⓘ |
| uses | indicator species for forest management ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: California spotted owl Description of subject: The California spotted owl is a medium-sized, dark-eyed forest owl subspecies native to the mountainous conifer and mixed hardwood forests of California, where it serves as an indicator of old-growth ecosystem health.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.