X.25

E93647

X.25 is an early ITU-T packet-switched network protocol standard widely used for WAN communication before the rise of modern IP-based networks.


Statements (49)
Predicate Object
instanceOf ITU-T recommendation
packet-switched network protocol
wide area network protocol
category network layer protocol
telecommunications standard
definesInterfaceBetween data circuit-terminating equipment
data terminal equipment
hasAddressingScheme X.121
hasLayer link layer
packet layer
physical layer
influenced ATM
Frame Relay NERFINISHED
early IP over X.25 deployments
introducedIn 1970s
operatesOver ISDN NERFINISHED
circuit-switched networks
leased lines
provides connection-oriented service
reliable packet delivery
replacedBy Frame Relay
MPLS
TCP/IP
standardizedBy CCITT
ITU-T NERFINISHED
status largely obsolete
stillUsedIn some legacy systems
supports error correction
flow control
link-level retransmission
permanent virtual circuits
switched virtual circuits
virtual circuits
usedBefore widespread adoption of IP
usedFor host-to-host communication
packet-switched WAN communication
public data network access
terminal-to-host communication
usedIn airline reservation systems
financial transaction networks
legacy point-of-sale networks
public data networks
usesLinkLayer LAPB
usesPacketLayer PLP
usesPhysicalLayer EIA-232
EIA-449
X.21
widelyDeployedIn 1980s
1990s

Referenced by (1)
Subject (surface form when different) Predicate
ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector
notableStandard

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