three-spined stickleback
E915304
The three-spined stickleback is a small, widely distributed fish species known for its distinctive three dorsal spines and its use as a model organism in studies of evolution, behavior, and ecology.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| three-spined stickleback canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11281657 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: three-spined stickleback Context triple: [Þingvallavatn, hasFishSpecies, three-spined stickleback]
-
A.
Labichthys carinatus
Labichthys carinatus is a deep-sea eel species in the snipe eel family Nemichthyidae, known for its extremely elongated body and pelagic oceanic habitat.
-
B.
Esomus
Esomus is a genus of small Asian freshwater cyprinid fishes commonly known as flying barbs, noted for their elongated bodies and barbels.
-
C.
Trisopterus minutus
Trisopterus minutus is a small marine cod-like fish commonly known as poor cod, found in the northeastern Atlantic and often caught as a minor commercial species.
-
D.
Fundulus
Fundulus is a genus of small, primarily North American killifishes commonly found in freshwater and brackish coastal habitats and often used in ecological and environmental research.
-
E.
Trisopterus luscus
Trisopterus luscus is a small marine fish species commonly known as pouting, found in the northeastern Atlantic and often caught in coastal fisheries.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: three-spined stickleback Target entity description: The three-spined stickleback is a small, widely distributed fish species known for its distinctive three dorsal spines and its use as a model organism in studies of evolution, behavior, and ecology.
-
A.
Labichthys carinatus
Labichthys carinatus is a deep-sea eel species in the snipe eel family Nemichthyidae, known for its extremely elongated body and pelagic oceanic habitat.
-
B.
Esomus
Esomus is a genus of small Asian freshwater cyprinid fishes commonly known as flying barbs, noted for their elongated bodies and barbels.
-
C.
Trisopterus minutus
Trisopterus minutus is a small marine cod-like fish commonly known as poor cod, found in the northeastern Atlantic and often caught as a minor commercial species.
-
D.
Fundulus
Fundulus is a genus of small, primarily North American killifishes commonly found in freshwater and brackish coastal habitats and often used in ecological and environmental research.
-
E.
Trisopterus luscus
Trisopterus luscus is a small marine fish species commonly known as pouting, found in the northeastern Atlantic and often caught in coastal fisheries.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (71)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
fish species
ⓘ
model organism ⓘ ray-finned fish ⓘ |
| armorPlates | bony lateral plates ⓘ |
| bodyShape | slender ⓘ |
| bodySize | small ⓘ |
| class | Actinopterygii ⓘ |
| commonName |
three-spine stickleback
ⓘ
three-spined stickleback ⓘ threespine stickleback ⓘ |
| conservationStatus | Least Concern ⓘ |
| conservationStatusSystem | IUCN Red List NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| courtshipBehavior | elaborate male courtship displays ⓘ |
| diet |
crustaceans
ⓘ
insect larvae ⓘ small invertebrates ⓘ zooplankton ⓘ |
| eggLayingSite | nests on substrate ⓘ |
| family | Gasterosteidae NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| genus | Gasterosteus NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| habitat |
brackish waters
ⓘ
coastal estuaries ⓘ freshwater lakes ⓘ freshwater streams ⓘ marine waters ⓘ |
| hasDorsalSpines | 3 ⓘ |
| hasPelvicSpines | present ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| lifespan | typically 1–3 years in the wild ⓘ |
| locomotion | swimming with undulating body and caudal fin ⓘ |
| maleColorationDuringBreeding | bright red throat and blue eyes ⓘ |
| matingSystem | polygynous ⓘ |
| maximumLength | about 11 cm ⓘ |
| modelForProcess |
adaptive radiation
ⓘ
behavioral plasticity ⓘ host–parasite interactions ⓘ parallel evolution ⓘ parental care evolution ⓘ sexual selection ⓘ speciation ⓘ |
| nativeRange |
Northern Hemisphere
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
coastal waters of the North Atlantic Ocean ⓘ coastal waters of the North Pacific Ocean ⓘ parts of the Arctic Ocean ⓘ |
| nestBuilding | males build nests ⓘ |
| notableTrait |
extensive morphological variation among populations
ⓘ
repeated evolution of freshwater forms from marine ancestors ⓘ variation in armor plating ⓘ variation in body shape ⓘ variation in coloration ⓘ |
| order | Gasterosteiformes NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| parentalCare | male parental care ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| predators |
aquatic mammals
ⓘ
diving birds ⓘ larger fish ⓘ |
| reproduction | oviparous ⓘ |
| reproductiveSeason | spring and early summer in temperate regions ⓘ |
| salinityTolerance | euryhaline ⓘ |
| scientificName | Gasterosteus aculeatus NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| sensorySystem | well-developed lateral line system ⓘ |
| socialBehavior | forms shoals outside breeding season ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| territoriality | males defend nesting territories ⓘ |
| typicalLength | 4–6 cm ⓘ |
| usedInResearchField |
behavioral ecology
ⓘ
ecology ⓘ evolutionary biology ⓘ evolutionary developmental biology ⓘ genetics ⓘ |
| waterColumnPosition | nearshore and shallow waters ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: three-spined stickleback Description of subject: The three-spined stickleback is a small, widely distributed fish species known for its distinctive three dorsal spines and its use as a model organism in studies of evolution, behavior, and ecology.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.