Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo
E90000
The Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo comprises the ruins of the original 16th-century Spanish colonial settlement that was the first permanent European city on the Pacific coast of the Americas and a key hub in transoceanic trade.
All labels observed (8)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T762058 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo Context triple: [Panama City, hasUNESCOWorldHeritageSite, Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo]
-
A.
Ollantaytambo archaeological site
The Ollantaytambo archaeological site is a well-preserved Inca town and fortress in Peru, renowned for its impressive terraced ruins, finely crafted stonework, and role as a strategic stronghold during the Spanish conquest.
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B.
San Juan National Historic Site
San Juan National Historic Site is a U.S. National Park in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico, preserving historic Spanish colonial fortifications such as Castillo San Felipe del Morro and Castillo San Cristóbal.
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C.
Parque Histórico Guayaquil
Parque Histórico Guayaquil is a cultural and ecological park in Guayaquil, Ecuador, that recreates the region’s historical architecture, traditions, and native wildlife in an open-air museum setting.
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D.
Chinchero archaeological site
The Chinchero archaeological site is an Inca-era complex in Peru renowned for its terraced landscapes, colonial church built atop Inca foundations, and role as a historic gateway to the Sacred Valley.
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E.
Coloma Historic Park
Coloma Historic Park is a California state historic park in Coloma that preserves the site of the 1848 gold discovery that sparked the California Gold Rush.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo Target entity description: The Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo comprises the ruins of the original 16th-century Spanish colonial settlement that was the first permanent European city on the Pacific coast of the Americas and a key hub in transoceanic trade.
-
A.
Ollantaytambo archaeological site
The Ollantaytambo archaeological site is a well-preserved Inca town and fortress in Peru, renowned for its impressive terraced ruins, finely crafted stonework, and role as a strategic stronghold during the Spanish conquest.
-
B.
San Juan National Historic Site
San Juan National Historic Site is a U.S. National Park in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico, preserving historic Spanish colonial fortifications such as Castillo San Felipe del Morro and Castillo San Cristóbal.
-
C.
Parque Histórico Guayaquil
Parque Histórico Guayaquil is a cultural and ecological park in Guayaquil, Ecuador, that recreates the region’s historical architecture, traditions, and native wildlife in an open-air museum setting.
-
D.
Chinchero archaeological site
The Chinchero archaeological site is an Inca-era complex in Peru renowned for its terraced landscapes, colonial church built atop Inca foundations, and role as a historic gateway to the Sacred Valley.
-
E.
Coloma Historic Park
Coloma Historic Park is a California state historic park in Coloma that preserves the site of the 1848 gold discovery that sparked the California Gold Rush.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
UNESCO World Heritage Site
ⓘ
archaeological site ⓘ historic site ⓘ |
| abandonedAsCity | 1673 ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Panamá la Vieja
ⓘ
surface form:
Old Panama
Panamá la Vieja ⓘ
surface form:
Panamá Viejo
|
| associatedWith |
Panamá la Vieja
ⓘ
surface form:
Panama Canal area (historical precursor)
Spanish Empire ⓘ transisthmian trade route ⓘ |
| category | cultural heritage ⓘ |
| continent | North America ⓘ |
| coordinateSystem | geographic coordinates ⓘ |
| country | Panama ⓘ |
| destroyedInEvent | sack of Panama by Henry Morgan ⓘ |
| extensionYear | 2003 ⓘ |
| foundedAsCity | 1519 ⓘ |
| foundedBy | Pedro Arias Dávila ⓘ |
| governingBody |
Instituto Nacional de Cultura de Panamá
ⓘ
Patronato Panamá Viejo ⓘ |
| hasPart |
cathedral bell tower
ⓘ
defensive walls ⓘ museum of Panamá Viejo ⓘ plaza mayor ⓘ ruins of convents ⓘ ruins of houses ⓘ ruins of the cathedral ⓘ |
| heritageDesignation | UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ |
| heritageProtectionStatus | protected archaeological park ⓘ |
| inscriptionYear | 1997 ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Panama City
ⓘ
Panamá Province ⓘ |
| locatedOn | Pacific coast of Panama ⓘ |
| majorDestructionYear | 1671 ⓘ |
| originalName |
Metropolitan Cathedral of Panama City
ⓘ
surface form:
Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Panamá
|
| partOf |
Historic District of Panama City with the Salón Bolívar
ⓘ
surface form:
Historic District of Panama City and Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo
|
| period | Spanish colonial period ⓘ |
| primaryLanguageOfSignage | Spanish ⓘ |
| replacedBy |
Historic District of Panama City with the Salón Bolívar
ⓘ
surface form:
Casco Antiguo (Historic District of Panama City)
|
| significance |
early Spanish colonial settlement in Central America
ⓘ
first permanent European city on the Pacific coast of the Americas ⓘ key hub in transoceanic trade between the Americas and Spain ⓘ |
| tourismAttraction | yes ⓘ |
| UNESCODangerListStatus | not listed ⓘ |
| UNESCOPropertyType | cultural ⓘ |
| UNESCORegion |
Latin America
ⓘ
surface form:
Latin America and the Caribbean
|
| UNESCOWorldHeritageCriteria |
(ii)
ⓘ
(iv) ⓘ |
| UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteId | 790bis ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo Description of subject: The Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo comprises the ruins of the original 16th-century Spanish colonial settlement that was the first permanent European city on the Pacific coast of the Americas and a key hub in transoceanic trade.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Panama Viejo ruins
this entity surface form:
Sitio Arqueológico de Panamá Viejo
this entity surface form:
Panamá Viejo historic district
this entity surface form:
promote sustainable tourism at Panamá Viejo
this entity surface form:
Panamá Viejo archaeological park
this entity surface form:
Panamá Viejo museum
this entity surface form:
Panamá Viejo as a symbol of Panamanian identity