Islamic inquisition
E884988
The Islamic inquisition, or Mihna, was an early 9th-century religious and political persecution in the Abbasid Caliphate during which scholars were forced to conform to the caliphs’ theological views, particularly on the createdness of the Qur’an.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Islamic inquisition canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10775253 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Islamic inquisition Context triple: [Mihna, alsoKnownAs, Islamic inquisition]
-
A.
Inquisition
The Inquisition was a powerful ecclesiastical tribunal system of the Catholic Church and allied monarchies, created to identify, try, and punish heresy and enforce religious orthodoxy.
-
B.
Spanish Inquisition
The Spanish Inquisition was a powerful Catholic institution established in late 15th-century Spain to enforce religious orthodoxy, often through persecution, trials, and expulsions of Jews, Muslims, and other perceived heretics.
-
C.
Roman Inquisition
The Roman Inquisition was a system of tribunals established by the Catholic Church in the 16th century to combat heresy and enforce doctrinal orthodoxy, particularly in response to the Protestant Reformation.
-
D.
Portuguese Inquisition
The Portuguese Inquisition was a powerful religious tribunal established in Portugal in the 16th century that persecuted Jews, conversos, and other alleged heretics under the authority of the Catholic Church and the Portuguese crown.
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E.
Mexican Inquisition
The Mexican Inquisition was a tribunal of the Catholic Church established in New Spain to enforce religious orthodoxy, targeting heresy, crypto-Judaism, and other perceived deviations from Catholic doctrine during the colonial period.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Islamic inquisition Target entity description: The Islamic inquisition, or Mihna, was an early 9th-century religious and political persecution in the Abbasid Caliphate during which scholars were forced to conform to the caliphs’ theological views, particularly on the createdness of the Qur’an.
-
A.
Inquisition
The Inquisition was a powerful ecclesiastical tribunal system of the Catholic Church and allied monarchies, created to identify, try, and punish heresy and enforce religious orthodoxy.
-
B.
Spanish Inquisition
The Spanish Inquisition was a powerful Catholic institution established in late 15th-century Spain to enforce religious orthodoxy, often through persecution, trials, and expulsions of Jews, Muslims, and other perceived heretics.
-
C.
Roman Inquisition
The Roman Inquisition was a system of tribunals established by the Catholic Church in the 16th century to combat heresy and enforce doctrinal orthodoxy, particularly in response to the Protestant Reformation.
-
D.
Portuguese Inquisition
The Portuguese Inquisition was a powerful religious tribunal established in Portugal in the 16th century that persecuted Jews, conversos, and other alleged heretics under the authority of the Catholic Church and the Portuguese crown.
-
E.
Mexican Inquisition
The Mexican Inquisition was a tribunal of the Catholic Church established in New Spain to enforce religious orthodoxy, targeting heresy, crypto-Judaism, and other perceived deviations from Catholic doctrine during the colonial period.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
event in Islamic history
ⓘ
political persecution ⓘ religious persecution ⓘ theological inquisition ⓘ |
| abolishedBy | Caliph al-Mutawakkil NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| affectedInstitution |
hadith scholarship
ⓘ
judiciary (qadis) ⓘ theological discourse (kalam) ⓘ |
| associatedTheologicalSchool | Mu'tazilism GENERATED ⓘ |
| broaderCategory |
religious persecution in the Middle Ages
ⓘ
state-enforced religious doctrine ⓘ |
| continuedBy |
Caliph al-Mu'tasim
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Caliph al-Wathiq NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| endedByPolicyChange | reversal of support for Mu'tazilism ⓘ |
| endTime | 848 ⓘ |
| enforcedDoctrine | the Qur'an is created NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasAlias |
Abbasid inquisition
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Mihna NERFINISHED ⓘ Miḥna NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
early conflict over religious authority in Islam
ⓘ
precedent for relations between ulama and caliphs ⓘ |
| initiatedBy | Caliph al-Ma'mun NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| legalForm | caliphal decree ⓘ |
| location |
Abbasid territories
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Baghdad NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| mainDoctrinalIssue | createdness of the Qur'an ⓘ |
| method |
dismissal from office
ⓘ
flogging ⓘ imprisonment ⓘ interrogation of scholars ⓘ |
| notableOpponent | Ahmad ibn Hanbal NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| opposedDoctrine | the Qur'an is uncreated ⓘ |
| politicalPurpose |
assertion of caliphal authority over religious scholars
ⓘ
centralization of religious doctrine ⓘ |
| region |
Greater Syria
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Iraq NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| religiousContext | Islam ⓘ |
| religiousPurpose | imposition of Mu'tazilite theology ⓘ |
| result |
decline of official Mu'tazilism
ⓘ
increased prestige of Ahmad ibn Hanbal ⓘ strengthening of traditionalist Sunni theology ⓘ |
| startTime | 833 ⓘ |
| stateContext | Abbasid Caliphate NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| targetedGroup |
religious scholars
ⓘ
traditionalist theologians ⓘ |
| timePeriod | early 9th century ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Islamic inquisition Description of subject: The Islamic inquisition, or Mihna, was an early 9th-century religious and political persecution in the Abbasid Caliphate during which scholars were forced to conform to the caliphs’ theological views, particularly on the createdness of the Qur’an.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.